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Which of the following statements are true? (i) The orbit of a planet is elliptical with the sun at one of its foci (ii) The line joining the planet and the sun sweeps equal areas in equal intervals of time (iii) The square of the mean distance of a planet from the sun is proportional to the cube of its orbital period

Which of the following statements are true? (i) The orbit of a planet is elliptical with the sun at one of its foci (ii) The line joining the planet and the sun sweeps equal areas in equal intervals of time (iii) The square of the mean distance of a planet from the sun is proportional to the cube of its orbital period Correct Answer Only (i) and (ii)

CONCEPT:

Kepler’s laws of planetary motion:

  • The law of Orbits: Every planet moves around the sun in an elliptical orbit with the sun at one of the foci.
  • The law of Area: The line joining the sun to the planet sweeps out equal areas in equal interval of time. i.e. areal velocity is constant.
  • According to this law, the planet will move slowly when it is farthest from the sun and more rapidly when it is nearest to the sun. It is similar to the law of conservation of angular momentum.
  • The law of periods: The square of the period of revolution (T) of any planet around the sun is directly proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis of the orbit i.e. T2 ∝ r3

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EXPLANATION:

  • From the above, it is clear that every planet moves around the sun in an elliptical orbit with the sun at one of the foci. Therefore statement 1 is correct. 
  • The line joining the sun to the planet sweeps out equal areas in equal interval of time. i.e. areal velocity is constant. Therefore statement 2 is correct. 

Related Questions

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