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Which of the following is not included in the term 'State' as defined in the article 12 of the Constitution ? (i) Parliament (ii) State Legislature (iii) Union Judiciary (iv) State Judiciary (High Court) (v) Union Executive (vi) State Executive (vii) All local authorities of India (viii) All local authorities under the control of Govt. of India.

Which of the following is not included in the term 'State' as defined in the article 12 of the Constitution ? (i) Parliament (ii) State Legislature (iii) Union Judiciary (iv) State Judiciary (High Court) (v) Union Executive (vi) State Executive (vii) All local authorities of India (viii) All local authorities under the control of Govt. of India. Correct Answer <span style="">(iii</span><span style="">), (iv)</span>

The correct answer is option 2.

Key Points

  • Union judiciary and state judiciary are not included in the term 'State' as defined in article 12 of the Constitution.
  • Article 12 to 35 contained in Part III of the Constitution deals with Fundamental Rights.
  • Article 12 of the Constitution of India defines the word State for purposes of Part III of the Constitution of India.

The following are included in the state-​​                                   

  • Government of India (All Ministers, Ministries, PSU, etc.)
  • Parliament (Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, President, Speaker, Chairman, all members, etc.)
  • State Government (All Ministers, Ministries, Secretaries, etc.)
  • State Legislature (State Legislative Assembly, Members, Speaker, etc.)
  • Local Authority (Municipality, Panchayat, Organization(LIC, ONGC), etc.)
  • Local Official (Commissioner, Collector, Police, Government Doctor, etc.

Important Points

  • Fundamental Rights -The Constitution of India provides for six Fundamental Rights:
    • Right to equality (Articles 14–18)
    • Right to freedom (Articles 19–22)
    • Right against exploitation (Articles 23–24)
    • Right to freedom of religion (Articles 25–28)
    • Cultural and educational rights (Articles 29–30)
    • Right to constitutional remedies (Article 32) 

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