The Volkswagen emissions scandal (also called "emissionsgate" or "dieselgate") began in September 2015, when the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued a notice of violation of the Clean Air Act to German automaker Volkswagen Group. The agency had found that Volkswagen had intentionally programmed turbocharged direct injection (TDI) diesel engines to activate their emissions controls only during laboratory emissions testing which caused the vehicles' NOx output to meet US standards during regulatory testing, but emit up to 40 times more NOx in real-world driving. Volkswagen deployed this programming software in about eleven million cars worldwide, and 500,000 in the United States, in model years 2009 through 2015. According to the EPA, Volkswagen had insisted for a year before the outbreak of the scandal that discrepancies were mere technical glitches. What can be inferred from the above paragraph?

The Volkswagen emissions scandal (also called "emissionsgate" or "dieselgate") began in September 2015, when the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued a notice of violation of the Clean Air Act to German automaker Volkswagen Group. The agency had found that Volkswagen had intentionally programmed turbocharged direct injection (TDI) diesel engines to activate their emissions controls only during laboratory emissions testing which caused the vehicles' NOx output to meet US standards during regulatory testing, but emit up to 40 times more NOx in real-world driving. Volkswagen deployed this programming software in about eleven million cars worldwide, and 500,000 in the United States, in model years 2009 through 2015. According to the EPA, Volkswagen had insisted for a year before the outbreak of the scandal that discrepancies were mere technical glitches. What can be inferred from the above paragraph? Correct Answer It took Volkswagen a year, to accept the claims of the scandal.

Option 1 is correct, as the last sentence states that 'Volkswagen had insisted for a year before the outbreak of the scandal that discrepancies were mere technical glitches'. This indicates that the claims were denied for about a year, and then accepted. Option 2 cannot be inferred, as nowhere are the losses or effects of the scandal, mentioned. Option 3 is wrong, as Volkswagen is directly liable, as they intentionally falsified tests.

Hence, option 1 is correct.

Related Questions

In the question below, are given a statement followed by three courses of actions numbered I, II and III. On the basis of the information given, you have to assume everything in the statement to be true, and then decide which of the following suggested courses of actions logically follow(s) for pursuing. Statement: Starting October, all new cars will have pedestrian safety features, including new design of the bonnet, to reduce impact on pedestrians during accidents. Advanced safety features are needed in all vehicles in India as vehicle safety cannot be confined to luxury vehicles only. Around 1.5 lakh people are killed in road accidents every year in the country, nearly 60% of them are pedestrians.  Courses of action: I. The government has set a target to reduce the number of road deaths by half in the next two years. The ministry of road transport and highways has been issuing new safety standards for the automobiles along with eliminating the black spots on national highways.  II. By next month, all new cars will have pedestrian safety feature, including new design of the bonnet, to reduce impact on pedestrians during accidents.  III. Ministry of road transport and Highways is planning to implement all safety features in vehicles with active support of vehicle manufacturers. Electronic stability control (ESC) and autonomous emergency braking (AEB) will be incorporated in new vehicles by 2022.
In the question below, are given a statement followed by three courses of actions numbered I, II and III. On the basis of the information given, you have to assume everything in the statement to be true, and then decide which of the following suggested courses of actions logically follow(s) for pursuing. Statement: Soon VAT 69 whiskey and Smirnoff Vodka will not be found on the shelves of Delhi Liquor stores owing to the duplication of barcode by manufacturer United Limited. The Delhi government financial commissioner blacklisted the manufacturer. Financial commissioner Anindo Majumdar had said in an order dated September 14, that USL had violated provisions of the Delhi Excise Act, 2009 and Delhi Excise Rules, 2010 by using unauthorized and loose barcodes, which could be easily misused. Courses of action: I. The ban will force United Spirits Limited not to sell its liquor in the national capital for two years. II. the appellant violated provisions of the Delhi Excise Act, 2009, Delhi Excise Rules, 2010, the terms and conditions of the license issued to it and the standard operating procedure framed by the Delhi Excise Department and that consequently the department has rightly imposed the penalty of blacklisting under Rule 70 of the Delhi Excise Rules, 2010 upon United Spirits LTD (USL), Aurangabad. III. United Limited has been blacklisted by the Delhi government financial commissioner.