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Doctors Medicines MCQs Q&A

Consider the following statements: 1. Other than those made by humans, nanoparticles do not exist in nature. 2. Nanoparticles of some metallic oxides are used in the manufacture of some cosmetics. 3. Nanoparticles of same commercial products which enter the environment are unsafe for humans. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements: 1. Other than those made by humans, nanoparticles do not exist in nature. 2. Nanoparticles of some metallic oxides are used in the manufacture of some cosmetics. 3. Nanoparticles of same commercial products which enter the environment are unsafe for humans. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? Correct Answer 2 and 3

The correct answer is 2 and 3.

Key Points

  • A nanoparticle is a small particle that ranges between 1 to 100 nanometres in size.
  • They could be generated by natural processes or could be made artificially and released into the environment. Hence, statement 1 is not correct.
  • Because of their submicroscopic size, they have unique material characteristics, and manufactured nanoparticles may find practical applications in a variety of areas, including medicine, engineering, catalysis, and environmental remediation.
  • There are three major physical properties of nanoparticles
  1. They are highly mobile in the free state.
  2. They have enormous specific surface areas.
  3. They may exhibit quantum effects. Thus, nanoparticles have a vast range of compositions, depending on the use or the product.
  • Nanoparticles are formed through the breaking down of larger particles or by controlled assembly processes.
  • Nanoparticles are used in the manufacture of scratchproof eyeglasses, crack-resistant paints, anti-graffiti coatings for walls, transparent sunscreens, stain-repellent fabrics, self-cleaning windows, and ceramic coatings for solar cells.
  • Nanoparticles can also be used in stronger, lighter, cleaner, and “smarter” surfaces and systems.
  • Among metal and metal oxide nanoparticles potentially present in cosmetics, those containing titanium dioxide and zinc oxide are common ingredients added to obtain sufficient sun protection. The silver and gold nanoparticles are also added to increase the antimicrobial and healing properties of some cosmetic formulations. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
  • The toxicity of nanoparticles depends on their chemical composition.
  • The properties of particles may change in unpredictable ways at nanoparticle form.
  • Impact of Nanoparticles:
    • They can accumulate in the environment, and contaminate water and soil.
    • They can enter food chains.
    • They can trigger the production of free radicals.
    • Nanoparticles may cross cell membranes.
    • Nanoparticles can reach the blood and may reach other target sites such as the liver, heart, or blood cells and may cause damage to cells as they stay for a persistently long time. Hence, statement 3 is correct.

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