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Consider the following advantages with respect of HVDC transmission: 1. Long distance transmission 2. Low cost of transmission 3. Higher efficiency Which of the above advantages are correct?

Consider the following advantages with respect of HVDC transmission: 1. Long distance transmission 2. Low cost of transmission 3. Higher efficiency Which of the above advantages are correct? Correct Answer 1, 2 and 3

High voltage direct current (HVDC) power systems use D.C. for transmission of bulk power over long distances. For long-distance power transmission, HVDC lines are less expensive, and losses are less i.e. more efficient as compared to AC transmission.

Advantages of HVDC transmission:

  • A lesser number of conductors and insulators are required thereby reducing the cost of the overall system.
  • It requires less phase to phase and ground to ground clearance.
  • Their towers are less costly and cheaper.
  • Corona loss is less as compared to HVAC transmission lines of similar power.
  • Power loss is reduced with DC because fewer numbers of lines are required for power transmission.
  • HVDC system uses earth return. If any fault occurs in one pole, the other pole with ‘earth returns’ behaves like an independent circuit. This results in a more flexible system.
  • HVDC acts as the asynchronous connection between two AC stations connected through an HVDC link, i.e. it interconnects two substations with different frequencies.
  • Due to the absence of frequency in the HVDC line, losses like skin effect and proximity effect does not occur in the system.
  • It does not generate or absorb any reactive power. So, there is no need for reactive power compensation.
  • Very accurate and lossless power flows through the DC link.

 

Disadvantages of HVDC transmission:

  • Converter substations are required at both the sending and the receiving end of the transmission lines, which result in increasing the cost.
  • Inverter and rectifier terminals generate harmonics which is reduced using active filters which are also very expensive.
  • The inverter used in Converter substations has limited overload capacity.
  • Circuit breakers are used in HVDC for circuit breaking, which is also very expensive.
  • It does not have transformers for changing the voltage levels.

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