All actions to address climate change ultimately involve costs. Funding is vital in order for countries like India to design and implement adaptation and mitigation plans and projects. The problem is more severe for developing countries like India, which would be one of the hardest hit by climate change, given its need to finance development. Most countries do indeed treat climate change as real threat and are striving to address it in a more comprehensive and integrated manner with the limited resources at their disposal. With reference to the above passage, the following assumptions have been made: 1. Climate change is not a challenge for developed countries. 2. Climate change is a complex policy issue and also a development issue for many countries. 3. Ways and means of finance must be found to enable developing countries to enhance their adaptive capacity. Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?

All actions to address climate change ultimately involve costs. Funding is vital in order for countries like India to design and implement adaptation and mitigation plans and projects. The problem is more severe for developing countries like India, which would be one of the hardest hit by climate change, given its need to finance development. Most countries do indeed treat climate change as real threat and are striving to address it in a more comprehensive and integrated manner with the limited resources at their disposal. With reference to the above passage, the following assumptions have been made: 1. Climate change is not a challenge for developed countries. 2. Climate change is a complex policy issue and also a development issue for many countries. 3. Ways and means of finance must be found to enable developing countries to enhance their adaptive capacity. Which of the above assumptions is/are valid? Correct Answer 3 only

The above passage states the need of finance which is required to address climate change. Of all the assumptions provided, only 3 is the viable assumption which has been made because developing countries are the ones which are hit hardest by the climate change due to lack of finance development. There should be some measures which enable to address this issue with the help of limited resources. Therefore, second option is the correct answer.

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In the question below, are given a statement followed by three courses of actions numbered I, II and III. On the basis of the information given, you have to assume everything in the statement to be true, and then decide which of the suggested courses of action logically follow (s) for pursuing. Statement: With one year to go for 2019 parliamentary elections, Prime Minister Narendra Modi has stepped in to ensure results can be seen on the ground. The Centre has asked states to focus on impactful and public-private-partnership based smart city projects, which would show results over the next one year and have a review mechanism in place. Ministry of housing and urban affairs, the nodal ministry for Smart Cities Mission has identified 261 impactful ventures worth Rs. 31,000 crore and PPP projects worth Rs. 32,000 crore for the states to work on. Courses of Action: I. The move follows directives from the Prime Minister. During a review of Smart Cities mission last week, PM Modi had emphasized on early implementation of projects and suggested that the chief secretaries of all states should review the progress of the implementation. II. These identified projects account for an investment of Rs. 31,112 crore. The states have also been asked to work on 370 PPP projects that involve an investment of Rs. 32,410 crore The impactful projects identified range from building 40 outdoor fitness centres in New Delhi Municipal Council area at a cost of Rs. 1.31 crore to redevelopment of 340 acre area in Bhopal at a cost of Rs. 3,000 crore.  III. Secretary (housing and urban affairs) D. S. Mishra has written to chief secretaries of states and asked them to focus on the belated implementation of smart city projects that have a visible and transformative impact in the lives of citizens in identified smart cities.
Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four alternatives. The conclusion of World Trade Organizations 11thbiennial ministerial conference at Buenos Aires was worrisome. From an Indian standpoint, there was no loss asstatus quo continues in the most important issue: the right to continue the food security programme by using support prices. But the inability of the negotiators toreach even one substantive outcome suggests that WTOs efficacy is under question. As a 164-country multilateral organisation dedicated to crafting rules of tradethrough consensus, WTO represents the optimal bet for developing countries such as India. Strengthening WTO is in Indias best interest. Perhaps the biggest threat to WTOs efficacy today is the attitude of the US. The worlds largest economy appears to have lost faith in the organisation and hasbegun to undermine one of its most successful segments, the dispute redressal mechanism. This is significant as the US has been directly involved in nearly half ofall cases brought to WTO. Separately, large groups of countries decided to pursue negotiations on e-commerce, investment facilitation and removal of tradeobstacles for medium and small scale industries. By itself this should not weaken WTO. But it comes at a time when there is growing frustration with gridlock atWTO. India did well to defend its position on its food security programme. The envisaged reform package which will see a greater use of direct cash transfers tobeneficiaries will be in sync with what developed countries do. But its important for India to enhance its efforts to reinvigorate WTO. In this context, Indias plan toorganise a meeting of some countries early next year is a step in the right direction. WTO represents the best available platform to accommodate interests of adiverse set of nations. Therefore, India should be at the forefront of moves to fortify it. What is the biggest threat to WTOs efficacy today?
Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four alternatives. The conclusion of World Trade Organizations 11thbiennial ministerial conference at Buenos Aires was worrisome. From an Indian standpoint, there was no loss asstatus quo continues in the most important issue: the right to continue the food security programme by using support prices. But the inability of the negotiators toreach even one substantive outcome suggests that WTOs efficacy is under question. As a 164-country multilateral organisation dedicated to crafting rules of tradethrough consensus, WTO represents the optimal bet for developing countries such as India. Strengthening WTO is in Indias best interest. Perhaps the biggest threat to WTOs efficacy today is the attitude of the US. The worlds largest economy appears to have lost faith in the organisation and hasbegun to undermine one of its most successful segments, the dispute redressal mechanism. This is significant as the US has been directly involved in nearly half ofall cases brought to WTO. Separately, large groups of countries decided to pursue negotiations on e-commerce, investment facilitation and removal of tradeobstacles for medium and small scale industries. By itself this should not weaken WTO. But it comes at a time when there is growing frustration with gridlock atWTO. India did well to defend its position on its food security programme. The envisaged reform package which will see a greater use of direct cash transfers tobeneficiaries will be in sync with what developed countries do. But its important for India to enhance its efforts to reinvigorate WTO. In this context, Indias plan toorganise a meeting of some countries early next year is a step in the right direction. WTO represents the best available platform to accommodate interests of adiverse set of nations. Therefore, India should be at the forefront of moves to fortify it. Which of the following is the most successful segments of the WTO mentioned in the passage?
A passage is given with five questions following it. Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given fouralternatives. Teaching about compassion and empathy in schools can help deal with problems of climate change and environmental degradation,” says Barbara Maas, secretary,
Standing Committee for Environment and Conservation, International Buddhist Confederation (IBC). She was in New Delhi to participate in the IBCs governing
council meeting, December 10-11, 2017. “We started an awareness campaign in the year 2005-2006 with H H The Dalai Lama when we learnt that tiger skins were
being traded in China and Tibet. At that time, I was not a Buddhist; I wrote to the Dalai Lama asking him to say that this is harmful and he wrote back to say, “We
will stop this.” He used very strong words during the Kalachakra in 2006, when he said, If he sees people wearing fur and skins, he doesnt feel like living. This sent
huge shock waves in the Himalayan community. Within six months, in Lhasa, people ripped the fur trim of their tubba, the traditional Tibetan dress. The messenger was ideal and the audience was receptive,” says Maas who is a conservationist. She has studied the battered foxs behavioral ecology in Serengeti,Africa. She heads the endangered species conservation at the Nature and Biodiversity Conservation Union (NABU) International Foundation for Nature, Berlin. “I met Samdhong Rinpoche, The Karmapa, HH the Dalai Lama and Geshe Lhakdor and I thought, if by being a Buddhist, you become like this, I am going for it, “says Maas, who led the IBC initiative for including the Buddhist perspective to the global discourse on climate change by presenting the statement, The Time to Act is Now: a Buddhist Declaration on Climate Change, at COP21 in Paris. “It was for the first time in the history of Buddhism that leaders of different sanghas came together to take a stand on anything! The statement lists a couple of important things: the first is that we amass things that we dont need; there is overpopulation; we need to live with contentment and deal with each other and the environment with love and compassion,” elaborates Maas. She is an ardent advocate of a vegan diet because “consuming meat and milk globally contributes more to climate change than all "transport in the world.” Turning vegetarian or vegan usually requires complete change of perspective before one gives up eating their favorite food. What are the Buddhist ways to bringabout this kind of change at the individual level? “To change our behavior, Buddhism is an ideal vehicle; it made me a more contented person,” says Maas, who grewup in Germany, as a sausage chomping, meat-loving individual. She says, “If I can change, so can anybody”. According to the passage, how can studying compassion and empathy in schools help?
Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four alternatives. The conclusion of World Trade Organizations 11thbiennial ministerial conference at Buenos Aires was worrisome. From an Indian standpoint, there was no loss asstatus quo continues in the most important issue: the right to continue the food security programme by using support prices. But the inability of the negotiators toreach even one substantive outcome suggests that WTOs efficacy is under question. As a 164-country multilateral organisation dedicated to crafting rules of tradethrough consensus, WTO represents the optimal bet for developing countries such as India. Strengthening WTO is in Indias best interest. Perhaps the biggest threat to WTOs efficacy today is the attitude of the US. The worlds largest economy appears to have lost faith in the organisation and hasbegun to undermine one of its most successful segments, the dispute redressal mechanism. This is significant as the US has been directly involved in nearly half ofall cases brought to WTO. Separately, large groups of countries decided to pursue negotiations on e-commerce, investment facilitation and removal of tradeobstacles for medium and small scale industries. By itself this should not weaken WTO. But it comes at a time when there is growing frustration with gridlock atWTO. India did well to defend its position on its food security programme. The envisaged reform package which will see a greater use of direct cash transfers tobeneficiaries will be in sync with what developed countries do. But its important for India to enhance its efforts to reinvigorate WTO. In this context, Indias plan toorganise a meeting of some countries early next year is a step in the right direction. WTO represents the best available platform to accommodate interests of adiverse set of nations. Therefore, India should be at the forefront of moves to fortify it. According to the passage, which of the following statement is NOT true?
A passage is given with five questions following it. Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given fouralternatives. Teaching about compassion and empathy in schools can help deal with problems of climate change and environmental degradation,” says Barbara Maas, secretary,
Standing Committee for Environment and Conservation, International Buddhist Confederation (IBC). She was in New Delhi to participate in the IBCs governing
council meeting, December 10-11, 2017. “We started an awareness campaign in the year 2005-2006 with H H The Dalai Lama when we learnt that tiger skins were
being traded in China and Tibet. At that time, I was not a Buddhist; I wrote to the Dalai Lama asking him to say that this is harmful and he wrote back to say, “We
will stop this.” He used very strong words during the Kalachakra in 2006, when he said, If he sees people wearing fur and skins, he doesnt feel like living. This sent
huge shock waves in the Himalayan community. Within six months, in Lhasa, people ripped the fur trim of their tubba, the traditional Tibetan dress. The messenger was ideal and the audience was receptive,” says Maas who is a conservationist. She has studied the battered foxs behavioral ecology in Serengeti,Africa. She heads the endangered species conservation at the Nature and Biodiversity Conservation Union (NABU) International Foundation for Nature, Berlin. “I metSamdhong Rinpoche, The Karmapa, HH the Dalai Lama and Geshe Lhakdor and I thought, if by being a Buddhist, you become like this, I am going for it, “says Maas, who led the IBC initiative for including the Buddhist perspective to the global discourse on climate change by presenting the statement, The Time to Act is Now: aBuddhist Declaration on Climate Change, at COP21 in Paris. “It was for the first time in the history of Buddhism that leaders of different sanghas came together to take a stand on anything! The statement lists a couple ofimportant things: the first is that we amass things that we dont need; there is overpopulation; we need to live with contentment and deal with each other and theenvironment with love and compassion,” elaborates Maas. She is an ardent advocate of a vegan diet because “consuming meat and milk globally contributes more toclimate change than all "transport in the world.” Turning vegetarian or vegan usually requires complete change of perspective before one gives up eating their favorite food. What are the Buddhist ways to bringabout this kind of change at the individual level? “To change our behavior, Buddhism is an ideal vehicle; it made me a more contented person,” says Maas, who grewup in Germany, as a sausage chomping, meat-loving individual. She says, “If I can change, so can anybody”. According to the passage, what do you infer from ''The messenger was ideal and the audience was receptive''?
Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four alternatives. The conclusion of World Trade Organizations 11thbiennial ministerial conference at Buenos Aires was worrisome. From an Indian standpoint, there was no loss asstatus quo continues in the most important issue: the right to continue the food security programme by using support prices. But the inability of the negotiators toreach even one substantive outcome suggests that WTOs efficacy is under question. As a 164-country multilateral organisation dedicated to crafting rules of tradethrough consensus, WTO represents the optimal bet for developing countries such as India. Strengthening WTO is in Indias best interest. Perhaps the biggest threat to WTOs efficacy today is the attitude of the US. The worlds largest economy appears to have lost faith in the organisation and hasbegun to undermine one of its most successful segments, the dispute redressal mechanism. This is significant as the US has been directly involved in nearly half ofall cases brought to WTO. Separately, large groups of countries decided to pursue negotiations on e-commerce, investment facilitation and removal of tradeobstacles for medium and small scale industries. By itself this should not weaken WTO. But it comes at a time when there is growing frustration with gridlock atWTO. India did well to defend its position on its food security programme. The envisaged reform package which will see a greater use of direct cash transfers tobeneficiaries will be in sync with what developed countries do. But its important for India to enhance its efforts to reinvigorate WTO. In this context, Indias plan toorganise a meeting of some countries early next year is a step in the right direction. WTO represents the best available platform to accommodate interests of adiverse set of nations. Therefore, India should be at the forefront of moves to fortify it. Which of the following nation is keen to fortify its interest on WTO platform?
In the following question, the 1st and the last part of the sentence/passage are numbered 1 and 6. The rest of the sentence/ the passage is split into four parts and named P, Q, R and S. These four parts are not given in their proper order. Read the sentence/ passage and find out which of the four combinations is correct. 1. A range of extreme weather events in 2018 — think extreme rainfall, floods, landslides, cyclones, and heatwaves — claimed 2,081 lives in India, more than181 other countries that featured on a new global climate risk index. P. These rankings were recently released by the non-profit Germanwatch in a report titled The Global Climate Risk 2020, the results of which are calculated based on average values over a 20-year period, i.e., 1998 to 2018. Q. In terms of economic losses, India ranked second. Overall, per this index, in 2018, India was the fifth-worst-hit country by climate change, pushed up by nine ranks from 2017, when it was the 14th. R. Talking of rainfall-related calamities such as cyclones, floods, and landslides, as many as 6,585 people have died in India in the three-year period leading up to July 2019. S. In 2018, India was affected by a range of extreme weather events including floods in Kerala, tropical cyclones like Gaja and Titli, as well as a prolonged heatwave, all of which have collectively propelled India to the top position. 6. “This is a clear signal that climate change impacts are happening, and increasing everywhere, including in developed countries.
Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four alternatives. The conclusion of World Trade Organizations 11thbiennial ministerial conference at Buenos Aires was worrisome. From an Indian standpoint, there was no loss asstatus quo continues in the most important issue: the right to continue the food security programme by using support prices. But the inability of the negotiators toreach even one substantive outcome suggests that WTOs efficacy is under question. As a 164-country multilateral organisation dedicated to crafting rules of tradethrough consensus, WTO represents the optimal bet for developing countries such as India. Strengthening WTO is in Indias best interest. Perhaps the biggest threat to WTOs efficacy today is the attitude of the US. The worlds largest economy appears to have lost faith in the organisation and hasbegun to undermine one of its most successful segments, the dispute redressal mechanism. This is significant as the US has been directly involved in nearly half ofall cases brought to WTO. Separately, large groups of countries decided to pursue negotiations on e-commerce, investment facilitation and removal of tradeobstacles for medium and small scale industries. By itself this should not weaken WTO. But it comes at a time when there is growing frustration with gridlock atWTO. India did well to defend its position on its food security programme. The envisaged reform package which will see a greater use of direct cash transfers tobeneficiaries will be in sync with what developed countries do. But its important for India to enhance its efforts to reinvigorate WTO. In this context, Indias plan toorganise a meeting of some countries early next year is a step in the right direction. WTO represents the best available platform to accommodate interests of adiverse set of nations. Therefore, India should be at the forefront of moves to fortify it. Why was the WTOs 11th binennial ministerial conference worrisome?
A passage is given with five questions following it. Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given fouralternatives. Teaching about compassion and empathy in schools can help deal with problems of climate change and environmental degradation,” says Barbara Maas, secretary,
Standing Committee for Environment and Conservation, International Buddhist Confederation (IBC). She was in New Delhi to participate in the IBCs governing
council meeting, December 10-11, 2017. “We started an awareness campaign in the year 2005-2006 with H H The Dalai Lama when we learnt that tiger skins were
being traded in China and Tibet. At that time, I was not a Buddhist; I wrote to the Dalai Lama asking him to say that this is harmful and he wrote back to say, “We
will stop this.” He used very strong words during the Kalachakra in 2006, when he said, If he sees people wearing fur and skins, he doesnt feel like living. This sent
huge shock waves in the Himalayan community. Within six months, in Lhasa, people ripped the fur trim of their tubba, the traditional Tibetan dress. The messenger was ideal and the audience was receptive,” says Maas who is a conservationist. She has studied the battered foxs behavioral ecology in Serengeti,Africa. She heads the endangered species conservation at the Nature and Biodiversity Conservation Union (NABU) International Foundation for Nature, Berlin. “I metSamdhong Rinpoche, The Karmapa, HH the Dalai Lama and Geshe Lhakdor and I thought, if by being a Buddhist, you become like this, I am going for it, “says Maas, who led the IBC initiative for including the Buddhist perspective to the global discourse on climate change by presenting the statement, The Time to Act is Now: aBuddhist Declaration on Climate Change, at COP21 in Paris. “It was for the first time in the history of Buddhism that leaders of different sanghas came together to take a stand on anything! The statement lists a couple ofimportant things: the first is that we amass things that we dont need; there is overpopulation; we need to live with contentment and deal with each other and theenvironment with love and compassion,” elaborates Maas. She is an ardent advocate of a vegan diet because “consuming meat and milk globally contributes more toclimate change than all "transport in the world.” Turning vegetarian or vegan usually requires complete change of perspective before one gives up eating their favorite food. What are the Buddhist ways to bringabout this kind of change at the individual level? “To change our behavior, Buddhism is an ideal vehicle; it made me a more contented person,” says Maas, who grewup in Germany, as a sausage chomping, meat-loving individual. She says, “If I can change, so can anybody”. Why did Ms. Barbara Mass say “If I can change, so can anybody”?