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Which of the following statement(s) is/are CORRECT? I. In federal government, power is distributed among the legislature, executive, and judiciary. II. Due to political competition in a democracy, social divisions get reflected in politics. III. Communal politics is based on the belief that one religion is superior to that of others.

Which of the following statement(s) is/are CORRECT? I. In federal government, power is distributed among the legislature, executive, and judiciary. II. Due to political competition in a democracy, social divisions get reflected in politics. III. Communal politics is based on the belief that one religion is superior to that of others. Correct Answer I, II, and III

The correct answer is I, II, and III.

Key Points

  • A federal government is one in which powers are divided between the union and the state governments by the Constitution itself and both operate in their respective jurisdictions independently. Example- The US, Switzerland, Australia, Canada, etc. Hence, statement I is correct.
  •  In a democracy, it is possible for communities to voice their grievances in a peaceful manner. Democracy is the best way to accommodate social diversity. 
  • The social division takes place when some social difference overlaps with other differences.
  • Democracy involves competition among various political parties. Their competition tends to divide any society. If they start competing in terms of some existing social divisions, it can make social divisions into political divisions and lead to conflict, violence, or even disintegration of a country.
  • Due to political competition in a democracy, social divisions get reflected in politics. Hence, statement II is correct.
  • Communal politics is a political philosophy and economic system that integrates communal ownership and confederations of highly localized independent communities. The main feature of Communal politics is:-
    • One religion is superior to that of others.
    • Followers of a particular religion constitute one community. Hence, statement III is correct.

Additional Information 

  • A unitary government is one in which all the powers are vested in the national government and the regional governments, if at all exist, derive their authority from the national government. 
  • Example- Britain, France, Japan, China, etc.
  • Federal features of the Constitution-
    • Dual Polity
    • Written Constitution
    • Division of Powers
    • The supremacy of the Constitution
    • Rigid Constitution
    • Independent Judiciary
    • Bicameralism
  • Unitary features of the Constitution-
    • Strong Centre
    • States not Indestructible
    • Single Constitution
    • Flexibility
    • No Equality of state representation
    • Emergency provisions
    • Single citizenship
    • Integrated Judiciary
    • All India Services
    • Integrated Election Machinery
    • Veto over state bills, among others.
  • India is said to be a Quasi-federal state because:-
    • The Constitution of India establishes a federal system of government as it contains all the usual features of a federation, viz., dual administration, division of powers, written Constitution, the supremacy of Constitution, the rigidity of Constitution, an independent judiciary, and bicameralism.
    • However, the Indian Constitution also contains a large number of unitary or non-federal features. Moreover, Article 1 of the Indian Constitution describes India as a ‘Union of States’.
    • The Supreme Court in Kuldip Nayar v Union of India held that Federalism is a basic feature of the Constitution of India and it is unique in its nature and is tailored according to the specific needs of the country.

Related Questions

Which of the following statement(s) is/are CORRECT? I. In federal government, power is distributed among the legislature, executive and judiciary. II. Due to political competition in a democracy, social divisions get reflected in politics. III. Communal politics is based on the belief that one religion is superior to that of others.
Which of the following statement(s) is/are CORRECT?
I. In federal government, power is distributed among the legislature, executive andjudiciary.
II. Due to political competition in a democracy, social divisions get reflected in politics.
III. Communal politics is based on the belief that one religion is superior to that of others.
Arrange the following statements in a logical sequence and select the right answers by using the code given below. A. But all political expression of social divisions need not be always dangerous. B. Social divisions of one kind or the other exist in most countries. C. Parties try to win political support by appealing to social divisions. D. Some social differences may result in social divisions.
In the following question, there are six sentences marked S1, S6, P, Q, R and S. The positions of S1 and S6 are fixed. Choose one of the options given below which would be the most logical sequence of the sentences in the passage. S1- The judiciary is one of the three lynchpins of a democracy, the other two being the legislature and the executive. P- This is where the judiciary comes in. Q- However, the executive and the legislature need checks on their power or a democracy can turn into an autocratic system.  R- All three work in concert to ensure that the democratic system works efficiently. S- They all have been allotted different functions by the constitution. S6- We see this in the form of judicial activism.
In the following question, there are six sentences marked S1, S6, P, Q, R and S. The positions of S1 and S6 are fixed. Choose one of the options given below which would be the most logical sequence of the sentences in the passage. S1- Indian democracy is held up by three pillars – the executive, the legislature, and the judiciary. P- Each system is complementary to the other two, at the same time acting as checks and balances to them. Q- As per the Constitution of India, the judiciary is the most independent out of the three and is given a wide range of powers so that it is capable of offering justice freely and fairly. R- The Indian judiciary’s role has become evident in the last few years because of the scams brought to light that involved bureaucrats and many political leaders. S- Scams such as the Fodder scam, the Hawala scam, and the Telecom scandal involved charges of corruption by some of the top leaders of the land. S6- While some were acquitted, many more are still being tried.
Given below are four jumbled sentences. Select the option that gives their correct order. A. Democracy first appeared in Greece and this Athenian democracy took the form of a direct democracy. B.Usually two types of democracy can be observed , direct or representative. C.The history of other countries also indicate that different types of democracy may have been invented in other countries around the world. D.Democracy is a type of government that allows its people to choose its own governing legislature.
Which of the following provisions ensures independence of Judiciary? 1. The legislature is not involved in the process of appointment of judges. 2. The judges have a fixed tenure. 3.  The judiciary has the power to penalise those who are found guilty of contempt of court. 4. The judiciary is not financially dependent on either the executive or legislature.
Which of the following statements is/are correct about different forms of power-sharing in modern democracies? 1. The power-sharing among different organs of government such as the legislature, the executive, and the Judiciary is termed as the Federal division of power. 2. The horizontal division of power is among governments at different levels such as Union, state, and regional levels.
In the following question, there are six sentences marked S1, S6, P, Q, R and S. The positions of S1 and S6 are fixed. Choose one of the options given below which would be the most logical sequence of the sentences in the passage. S1- While the judiciary has many important roles to fulfill, the ones that stand out in the current political climate are: P- Two, to protect the fundamental and other rights of the citizens of India. Q- It is the judiciary’s duty to ensure that whatever measures are enacted by the legislature or the executive are in keeping with the Constitution.  R- This means that if it has reason to believe that legislative measures go against the Constitution of the country, it can strike them down.  S- One, to act as guardian and interpreter of the Constitution. S6- Similarly, if these measures violate the fundamental rights of the citizens or even other rights, the judiciary can stall or end them.
Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four alternatives.
Public opinion may be passive and false or active and real. It is claimed in theory that all governments are ultimately based on the opinion or sanction of the governed. But we find that in practice the people's rights are often trodden down and tyranny and oppression are allowed to continue. The government does it not because the people want it to do so but because they are too idle, too uneducated and too disunited or timid to oppose the govern ment. Such public opinion is passive and false and not an active verdict. But when we find people alert, intelligent and determined to let the government know their will, when they want to exercise actively their voice in the management of their country, we have an instance of true or active public opinion. True public opinion is formed by and expressed through the press, the platform, political parties and educational institutions. These have sacred duties to perform, duties on which depends the ultimate good of the entire community. The press today wields a tremendous influence, So it should support the causes and move ments and condemn the wrong one's and thus teach people to form correct opinion. A free and fair press ventilates the grievances of the public. Thus a healthy relationship develops between the people and the government through out an unbiased press. Political parties also help to create and regulate opinions. No less important part is played by the educational Institutions which train the minds of the young people who will be the citizens of tomorrow. It has been said that modern Germany and China have been made by their universities. It is necessary that the young and the growing minds should imbibe the spirit of fellow-feeling, the spirit of tolerance, the habit of compromise, and show due regard for the feelings and opinion of others without which a democratic society cannot function, let alone succeed. When there is true awakening of the people, we shall have the real and conscious public opinion. And justice will reign on earth and truly will the voice of the people be the voice of God.
Which of the following is not the reason for the oppression caused to general public by the running government in the country?