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In the question below are given two statements followed by three conclusions I, II and III. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts. Statements: All pens are red. All red are pencils. Conclusions: I. All pens are pencils. II. All pencils are pens. III. At least some pencils are red.

In the question below are given two statements followed by three conclusions I, II and III. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts. Statements: All pens are red. All red are pencils. Conclusions: I. All pens are pencils. II. All pencils are pens. III. At least some pencils are red. Correct Answer Both I and III follow

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as follows,

[ alt="18.09.2018.001001" src="//storage.googleapis.com/tb-img/production/18/09/18.09.2018.001001.PNG" style="height:124px; width:146px">

Conclusions:

I. All pens are pencils → True (as shown in the diagram)

II. All pencils are pens → False (it is possible but not definite)

III. At least some pencils are red → True (as shown in the diagram)

Therefore, both conclusions I and III follow.

Related Questions

In each of the following question below are given some statements followed by some conclusions. Taking the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts, read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusion logically follows the given statements. Statements: I. Some pens are pencils. II. All pencils are erasers. III. Some erasers are cups. Conclusions: I. Some pens are cups. II. Some pencils are cups. III. Some cups are pencils. IV. Some erasers are pens.
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In each of the following question below are given some statements followed by some conclusions. Taking the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts, read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusion logically follows the given statements.

Statements:

I. Some pens are pencils.
II. All pencils are erasers.

Conclusions:

I. Some pens are erasers.
II. No pens are erasers.
III. Some erasers are pencils
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