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Depending upon the source from which the water is drawn, flow irrigation can be sub-divided into 1.River canal irrigation 2. Reservoir or tank irrigation 3. Combined storage and lift irrigation 4. Combined storage and diversion irrigation Which of the above designations are relevant?

Depending upon the source from which the water is drawn, flow irrigation can be sub-divided into 1.River canal irrigation 2. Reservoir or tank irrigation 3. Combined storage and lift irrigation 4. Combined storage and diversion irrigation Which of the above designations are relevant? Correct Answer 1, 2 and 4 only

Concept:

Surface Irrigation System:

We have two sources of water to be used as irrigation water one is ground water and other is flowing water. Based on the source of water used as irrigation water, water irrigation system is mainly divided in to two categories:

  1. Lift irrigation – when ground water lifted up to be used as irrigation water
  2. Flow irrigation – when flowing water is used as irrigation water.


These are further classified as below – 

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Flow irrigation:

These are also called gravity irrigation. It is the type of irrigation in which water is available at a higher level as to enable supply to the land by gravity flow.

It is further divided into two categories

a) Inundation irrigation: It is done canal taking off from a river in flood without any diversion head work. It depend on the periodical rise in water level of the river and supply is drawn through open cuts in the river bank or creeks which are called heads. Inundation canals usually flow during the summer months and bring in large quantity of silt beneficial to crops. e.g. river canal irrigation.

b) Perennial Irrigation: In this system assured supply of water throughout the crop period to irrigation requirement of the crops is made available to the command area through storage of water done at dam or diversion supply made by means of head works at the off take point of the canal. Perennial irrigation may be either direct (e.g reservoir or tank), storage (indirect) or combined.

Note:

Methods Irrigation systems:

Irrigation water may be applied to the crops by three basic methods:-

1. Surface Irrigation method

2. Sprinkler irrigation method

3. Sub-surface irrigation method

Related Questions

Which one is incorrect? 1. Kumabaram Lift Canal-Older name - Nohar Sohwa Lift Canal. 2. Kawar sen Lift Canal-Older name - Lunaksar Lift Canal. 3. Panna Lal Lift Canal - Older name - Gajner Lift canal. 4. Veer Tejaji Lift Canal-Older name - Bagdsar.
1996-7 and 2002-3, the area under canal irrigation declined by 2.4 million ha (13.8 percent), the area under tank irrigation fell by 1.4 million ha (42.4 percent), and the area irrigate by all other sources declined by 1 million ha (28 percent). The only irrigation source that increased its share was groundwater wells, by 2.8 million ha (more than 9 percent) Why has such a change in irrigation demands happened? 1. Not enough supply of water from canals 2. More tubewell irrigation by farmers in the source areas of rivers 3. High cost of irrigation water, and  diversion for non-farm use 4. Joint use of water not possible due to social and economic inequalities
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