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Given below are sets. Set I mentions some terms from the Preamble to the Constitution of India and Set II gives their explanation. Match the item from Set I with explanation from Set II. Set I (Terms) Set II (Explanation) (a) Socialism (i) State ha no religion, it is neither pro nor against any religion (b) Secularism (ii) a system in which government is elected and managed by the people of the country (c) Democacy (iii) Political idea that all people are equal and resources should be equally shared (d) Republic (iv) a nation state that has an elected government and elected leader   Select correct answer from the following options:

Given below are sets. Set I mentions some terms from the Preamble to the Constitution of India and Set II gives their explanation. Match the item from Set I with explanation from Set II. Set I (Terms) Set II (Explanation) (a) Socialism (i) State ha no religion, it is neither pro nor against any religion (b) Secularism (ii) a system in which government is elected and managed by the people of the country (c) Democacy (iii) Political idea that all people are equal and resources should be equally shared (d) Republic (iv) a nation state that has an elected government and elected leader   Select correct answer from the following options: Correct Answer (a)-(iii), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iv)

Preamble to the Constitution of India: The 73-word Preamble to the Constitution of India outlines the ideals that must guide Indian democracy. Together with the Directive Principles of State Policy, it provides the context in which the country can achieve the fundamental rights guaranteed by the Constitution.

Set I

(Terms)

Set II

(Explanation)

(a) Socialism
  • The word socialist was not there in the Preamble of the Constitution in its original form.
  • In 1976, the 42nd Amendment to the Constitution incorporated ‘Socialist’ and ‘Secular’, in the Preamble.
  • The term socialist used here refers to democratic socialism, i.e. achievement of socialist goals through democratic, evolutionary and non-violent means.
  • Democratic socialism aims to end poverty, ignorance, disease and inequality of opportunity i.e all people are equal and resources should be equally shared.

(b) Secularism
  • In the context of secularism in India, it is said that ‘India is neither religious nor irreligious nor anti-religious' or  State has no religion, it is neither pro nor against any religion. 
  • It implies that in India there will be no ‘State’ religion – the ‘State’ will not support any particular religion out of public funds.
  • This has two implications, a) every individual is free to believe in, and practice, any religion he/ she belongs to, and, b) State will not discriminate against any individual or group on the basis of religion.

(c) Democracy
  • The Preamble reflects democracy as a value. As a form of government, it derives its authority from the will of the people. 
  • The people elect the rulers of the country and the elected representatives remain accountable to the people ( government is elected and managed by the people of the country). 
  • The people of India elect them to be part of the government at different levels by a system of universal adult franchise, popularly known as ‘one man one vote’.
  • Democracy contributes to stability, continuous progress in society and it secures peaceful political change.
  • It allows dissent and encourages tolerance.
  • And more importantly, it is based on the principles of rule of law, inalienable rights of citizens, independence of the judiciary, free and fair elections, and freedom of the press.
  • Democracy is generally known as the government of the people, by the people and for the people. 

(d) Republic
  • The Preamble also declares India as a Republic.
  • It means a nation-state that has an elected government and elected leader and he/she is not a hereditary ruler as in the case of the British Monarch.
  • This value strengthens and substantiates democracy where every citizen of India is equally eligible to be elected as the Head of the State.
  • Political equality is the chief message of this provision.

Related Questions

S1:There is difference between Gandhiji's concept of secularism and that of Nehru's.
P :Nehru's idea of secularism was equal indifference to all religions and bothering about none of them.
Q :According to Gandhiji, all religions are equally true and each scripture is worthy of respect.
R :Such secularism which means the rejection of all religions is contrary to our culture and tradition.
S :In Gandhiji's view, secularism stands for equal respect for all religions.
S6:Instead of doing any good, such secularism can do harm instead of good.
The Proper sequence should be:
Consider the following statements with reference to the term 'Secularism':
1. Secularism means that the State has no recognized religion of State
2. Secularism means that the States treats all the religions equally
3. Secularism means that the State regulates the relation of man with God
Which of these statements are correct?
Which of the following statements is correct about socialism mentioned in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution? 1. The Indian brand of socialism is democratic socialism. 2. It is a blend of Marxism and Gandhism leaning heavily towards Gandhian socialism. select the answer using the code given below.
Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four alternatives.
Public opinion may be passive and false or active and real. It is claimed in theory that all governments are ultimately based on the opinion or sanction of the governed. But we find that in practice the people's rights are often trodden down and tyranny and oppression are allowed to continue. The government does it not because the people want it to do so but because they are too idle, too uneducated and too disunited or timid to oppose the govern ment. Such public opinion is passive and false and not an active verdict. But when we find people alert, intelligent and determined to let the government know their will, when they want to exercise actively their voice in the management of their country, we have an instance of true or active public opinion. True public opinion is formed by and expressed through the press, the platform, political parties and educational institutions. These have sacred duties to perform, duties on which depends the ultimate good of the entire community. The press today wields a tremendous influence, So it should support the causes and move ments and condemn the wrong one's and thus teach people to form correct opinion. A free and fair press ventilates the grievances of the public. Thus a healthy relationship develops between the people and the government through out an unbiased press. Political parties also help to create and regulate opinions. No less important part is played by the educational Institutions which train the minds of the young people who will be the citizens of tomorrow. It has been said that modern Germany and China have been made by their universities. It is necessary that the young and the growing minds should imbibe the spirit of fellow-feeling, the spirit of tolerance, the habit of compromise, and show due regard for the feelings and opinion of others without which a democratic society cannot function, let alone succeed. When there is true awakening of the people, we shall have the real and conscious public opinion. And justice will reign on earth and truly will the voice of the people be the voice of God.
Which of the following is not the reason for the oppression caused to general public by the running government in the country?
Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four alternatives.
Public opinion may be passive and false or active and real. It is claimed in theory that all governments are ultimately based on the opinion or sanction of the governed. But we find that in practice the people's rights are often trodden down and tyranny and oppression are allowed to continue. The government does it not because the people want it to do so but because they are too idle, too uneducated and too disunited or timid to oppose the govern ment. Such public opinion is passive and false and not an active verdict. But when we find people alert, intelligent and determined to let the government know their will, when they want to exercise actively their voice in the management of their country, we have an instance of true or active public opinion. True public opinion is formed by and expressed through the press, the platform, political parties and educational institutions. These have sacred duties to perform, duties on which depends the ultimate good of the entire community. The press today wields a tremendous influence, So it should support the causes and move ments and condemn the wrong one's and thus teach people to form correct opinion. A free and fair press ventilates the grievances of the public. Thus a healthy relationship develops between the people and the government through out an unbiased press. Political parties also help to create and regulate opinions. No less important part is played by the educational Institutions which train the minds of the young people who will be the citizens of tomorrow. It has been said that modern Germany and China have been made by their universities. It is necessary that the young and the growing minds should imbibe the spirit of fellow-feeling, the spirit of tolerance, the habit of compromise, and show due regard for the feelings and opinion of others without which a democratic society cannot function, let alone succeed. When there is true awakening of the people, we shall have the real and conscious public opinion. And justice will reign on earth and truly will the voice of the people be the voice of God.
According to the passage, which of the following is needed from the people to have true or active public opinion? 1. Alertness
2. Determination
3. Intelligence
4. Raising their voice
Consider the following policies for preventing deadlock in a system with mutually exclusive resources. I. Processes should acquire all their resources at the beginning of execution. If any resource is not available, all resources acquired so far are released II. The resources are numbered uniquely, and processes are allowed to request for resources only in increasing resource numbers III. The resources are numbered uniquely, and processes are allowed to request for resources only in decreasing resource numbers IV. The resources are numbered uniquely. A process is allowed to request only for a resource with resource number larger than its currently held resources Which of the above policies can be used for preventing deadlock?
Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four alternatives.
Public opinion may be passive and false or active and real. It is claimed in theory that all governments are ultimately based on the opinion or sanction of the governed. But we find that in practice the people's rights are often trodden down and tyranny and oppression are allowed to continue. The government does it not because the people want it to do so but because they are too idle, too uneducated and too disunited or timid to oppose the govern ment. Such public opinion is passive and false and not an active verdict. But when we find people alert, intelligent and determined to let the government know their will, when they want to exercise actively their voice in the management of their country, we have an instance of true or active public opinion. True public opinion is formed by and expressed through the press, the platform, political parties and educational institutions. These have sacred duties to perform, duties on which depends the ultimate good of the entire community. The press today wields a tremendous influence, So it should support the causes and move ments and condemn the wrong one's and thus teach people to form correct opinion. A free and fair press ventilates the grievances of the public. Thus a healthy relationship develops between the people and the government through out an unbiased press. Political parties also help to create and regulate opinions. No less important part is played by the educational Institutions which train the minds of the young people who will be the citizens of tomorrow. It has been said that modern Germany and China have been made by their universities. It is necessary that the young and the growing minds should imbibe the spirit of fellow-feeling, the spirit of tolerance, the habit of compromise, and show due regard for the feelings and opinion of others without which a democratic society cannot function, let alone succeed. When there is true awakening of the people, we shall have the real and conscious public opinion. And justice will reign on earth and truly will the voice of the people be the voice of God.
Who among the following has tremendous influence in forming the true public opinion?
Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four alternatives.
Public opinion may be passive and false or active and real. It is claimed in theory that all governments are ultimately based on the opinion or sanction of the governed. But we find that in practice the people's rights are often trodden down and tyranny and oppression are allowed to continue. The government does it not because the people want it to do so but because they are too idle, too uneducated and too disunited or timid to oppose the govern ment. Such public opinion is passive and false and not an active verdict. But when we find people alert, intelligent and determined to let the government know their will, when they want to exercise actively their voice in the management of their country, we have an instance of true or active public opinion. True public opinion is formed by and expressed through the press, the platform, political parties and educational institutions. These have sacred duties to perform, duties on which depends the ultimate good of the entire community. The press today wields a tremendous influence, So it should support the causes and move ments and condemn the wrong one's and thus teach people to form correct opinion. A free and fair press ventilates the grievances of the public. Thus a healthy relationship develops between the people and the government through out an unbiased press. Political parties also help to create and regulate opinions. No less important part is played by the educational Institutions which train the minds of the young people who will be the citizens of tomorrow. It has been said that modern Germany and China have been made by their universities. It is necessary that the young and the growing minds should imbibe the spirit of fellow-feeling, the spirit of tolerance, the habit of compromise, and show due regard for the feelings and opinion of others without which a democratic society cannot function, let alone succeed. When there is true awakening of the people, we shall have the real and conscious public opinion. And justice will reign on earth and truly will the voice of the people be the voice of God.
What is important for the democratic society to function properly?
Consider the following statements with reference to the Preamble to the Constitution. 1. The Preamble is a modified version of the Poorna Swaraj pledge of Indian National Congress. 2. The Preamble is neither a part of the basic structure of the Constitution nor a justiciable part of the Constitution. 3. The Supreme Court, in the KesavanandaBharati Case held that the Preamble can be amended subject to the doctrine of “Basic Structure of the Constitution”. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Read the following passage and answer the item that follows. Your answers to this item should be based on the passage only. There has been a significant trend worldwide towards regionalism in government, resulting in a widespread transfer of powers downwards towards regions and communities since 1990s. This process, which involves the creation of new political entities and bodies at a sub-national level and an increase in their content and powers, is known as devolution. Devolution has been characterized as being made up of three factors-political legitimacy, decentralization of authority and decentralization of resources. Political legitimacy here means a mass demand from below for the decentralization process, which is able to create a political force for it to take place. In many cases, decentralization is initiated by the upper tier of government without sufficient political mobilization for it at the grassroots level, and in such cases the decentralization process often does not fulfill its objectives. Which among the following is the most logical, rational and critical inference that can be made from the above passage?