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With reference to the political associations before the birth of Indian National Congress, consider the following statements: 1. Landholders’ Society was the first political organization formed to agitate against British rule. 2. Indian Association of Calcutta was founded by Dwarkanath Tagore with the objective of unifying people on a common political programme. Which of the following statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to the political associations before the birth of Indian National Congress, consider the following statements: 1. Landholders’ Society was the first political organization formed to agitate against British rule. 2. Indian Association of Calcutta was founded by Dwarkanath Tagore with the objective of unifying people on a common political programme. Which of the following statements given above is/are correct? Correct Answer 1 only

The correct answer is 1 only.

Important Points

  • Landholders’ Society also known as the Zamindari Association is considered to be the first political association of modern India.
  • It was formally launched in Calcutta in March 1838.
  • It was founded to safeguard the interests of the landlords.
  • Although limited in its objectives, the Landholders’ Society marked the beginning of organized political activity and the use of methods of constitutional agitation tor the redressal of grievances. Hence statement 1 is correct.
  • Raja Radhakant dev, Dwarkanath tagore, Prasanna Kumar Tagore, Rajkamal Sen and Bhabani Charan Mitra were its founding members.
  • In 1851, both the Landholders’ Society and the Bengal British India Society merged into the British Indian Association.
  • The President of the first committee of the association was Raja Radhakanta Deb, while Debendranath Tagore was its secretary.
  • The newspaper of this society was “Hindu patriot”, whose editor was Harish Chandra Mukherjee, which adopted a strongly critical political tone.
  • Dwarkanath Tagore was associated with the founding of Landholders’ Society and not with the Indian Association. Hence statement 2 is not correct.

Key Points

  • The Indian League was started in 1875 by Sisir Kumar Ghosh with the object of “stimulating the sense of nationalism amongst the people” and of encouraging political education.
  • The Indian Association of Calcutta superseded the Indian League and was founded in 1876 by younger nationalists of Bengal, led by Surendranath Banerjee and Ananda Mohan Bose, who were getting discontented with the conservative and pro-landlord policies of the British Indian Association.
  • It was the most important of pre- Congress associations and aimed to create a strong public opinion on political questions and unify Indian people on a common political programme.

Related Questions

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Bengal British India Society founded in Calcutta on 20 April 1843, was the __________ political public association to be formed in British India, the first being the zamindari association (1837)
Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four alternatives.
Public opinion may be passive and false or active and real. It is claimed in theory that all governments are ultimately based on the opinion or sanction of the governed. But we find that in practice the people's rights are often trodden down and tyranny and oppression are allowed to continue. The government does it not because the people want it to do so but because they are too idle, too uneducated and too disunited or timid to oppose the govern ment. Such public opinion is passive and false and not an active verdict. But when we find people alert, intelligent and determined to let the government know their will, when they want to exercise actively their voice in the management of their country, we have an instance of true or active public opinion. True public opinion is formed by and expressed through the press, the platform, political parties and educational institutions. These have sacred duties to perform, duties on which depends the ultimate good of the entire community. The press today wields a tremendous influence, So it should support the causes and move ments and condemn the wrong one's and thus teach people to form correct opinion. A free and fair press ventilates the grievances of the public. Thus a healthy relationship develops between the people and the government through out an unbiased press. Political parties also help to create and regulate opinions. No less important part is played by the educational Institutions which train the minds of the young people who will be the citizens of tomorrow. It has been said that modern Germany and China have been made by their universities. It is necessary that the young and the growing minds should imbibe the spirit of fellow-feeling, the spirit of tolerance, the habit of compromise, and show due regard for the feelings and opinion of others without which a democratic society cannot function, let alone succeed. When there is true awakening of the people, we shall have the real and conscious public opinion. And justice will reign on earth and truly will the voice of the people be the voice of God.
What is important for the democratic society to function properly?
Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four alternatives.
Public opinion may be passive and false or active and real. It is claimed in theory that all governments are ultimately based on the opinion or sanction of the governed. But we find that in practice the people's rights are often trodden down and tyranny and oppression are allowed to continue. The government does it not because the people want it to do so but because they are too idle, too uneducated and too disunited or timid to oppose the govern ment. Such public opinion is passive and false and not an active verdict. But when we find people alert, intelligent and determined to let the government know their will, when they want to exercise actively their voice in the management of their country, we have an instance of true or active public opinion. True public opinion is formed by and expressed through the press, the platform, political parties and educational institutions. These have sacred duties to perform, duties on which depends the ultimate good of the entire community. The press today wields a tremendous influence, So it should support the causes and move ments and condemn the wrong one's and thus teach people to form correct opinion. A free and fair press ventilates the grievances of the public. Thus a healthy relationship develops between the people and the government through out an unbiased press. Political parties also help to create and regulate opinions. No less important part is played by the educational Institutions which train the minds of the young people who will be the citizens of tomorrow. It has been said that modern Germany and China have been made by their universities. It is necessary that the young and the growing minds should imbibe the spirit of fellow-feeling, the spirit of tolerance, the habit of compromise, and show due regard for the feelings and opinion of others without which a democratic society cannot function, let alone succeed. When there is true awakening of the people, we shall have the real and conscious public opinion. And justice will reign on earth and truly will the voice of the people be the voice of God.
According to the passage, which of the following is needed from the people to have true or active public opinion? 1. Alertness
2. Determination
3. Intelligence
4. Raising their voice
Consider the following organizations in India established before the Indian National Congress.  I. East India Association  II. Bombay Association  III. Poona Sarvajanik Sabha  IV. Indian National Conference Which among the above is /are an organization(s) that was/were created before the Revolt of 1857 in India?