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Which one of the following statements is not correct regarding the peasant movements in India?

Which one of the following statements is not correct regarding the peasant movements in India? Correct Answer Utkal Kisan Sangha was established in 1938 by the Congress Socialists.

  • Utkal Kisan Sangha formed in 1935. 
  • The destiny of the peasants was guided by Congress Socialists.
  • It gave a new thrust and offered a new dimension to peasant movement in Orissa.
  • H. K. Mahatab was elected as the President and Malati Chowdhary as the Secretary.
  • Intensive measures were taken for the proper organisation of the movement.
  • Its initial success had a very positive impact on the masses because it weakened the hold of Zamindari.

Hence, option (2), is not the correct answer regarding the peasant movements in India.

Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha -

  • The Kisan Sabha movement was started in Bihar. In 1929, Sahajanand Saraswati formed Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha (BPKS).
  • The motives of the All India Kisan Sabha were:

             a) To abolish the Zamindari system,

             b) To reduce land revenue,

             c) To institutionalise credit.

  • But lately, the INC failed to meet all the promises they had claimed to fulfil to the peasants. The peasants thus became disillusioned with the INC government.
  • The peasant movement started being dominated by the socialists and communists and in the INC Haripura session.
  • In May 1942, CPI took over  AIl India Kisan Sabha all across the country.
    There are two organisations at present working under the name AIKS (following the split of Communist Party of India in 1964):-
    (i) All India Kisan Sabha – Communist Party of India’s Peasant Wing
    (ii) All India Kisan Sabha – Communist Party of India-Marxist’s Peasant Front; also known as All India Kisan Sabha (36 Canning Lane)

N. G. Ranga -

  • Gogineni Ranga Nayukulu, also known as N. G. Ranga was an Indian freedom fighter, classical liberal, parliamentarian and farmer leader. He is the founding president of the Swatantra Party. He was an exponent of the peasant philosophy and considered the father of the Indian Peasant Movement.
  • Ranga was born in Nidubrolu village in Guntur District of Andhra Pradesh.
  • He wrote many other books like Credo of World Peasantry, Economic Organization of Indian Villages and Indian Adult Education Movement 
  • Ranga served the Indian Parliament for six decades from 1930 to 1991. He died on 9 June 1995.
  • Hence, it is true about N. G. Ranga that he organised a number of peasant marches in Andhra in 1933-34 and demanded the abolition of zamindari.
  • In 1928, the Andhra Provincial Ryots Association formed in Guntur took up such issues as reduction of revenue, agricultural indebtedness, internal social reforms etc.
  • Later, in 1935, Andhra Zamindari Ryots Association, with NG Ranga and EMS Namboodiripad among its leaders, took up the demands of the tenants. Organised peasant movement spread to different regions of Madras province during 1930s. With the depression of 1930s all categories of peasants, specially the rich peasants were drawn into peasant struggles which were directed mainly against landlords.
  • During 1931-32, peasant agitations took place throughout the Krishna and Godavari deltas. Mass meetings were held in which demands of withholding revenue payments were raised. By late 1931, grain seizures by poor peasants had started almost spontaneously in these areas. Hence, option (4)is also correct.

Related Questions

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