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Consider the following statements: 1. The development of an El Niño brings drought to the western Pacific, rains to the equatorial coast of South America, and convective storms and hurricanes to the central Pacific. 2. El Nino and Indian monsoon are inversely related. 3. La Nina refers to the unusual warming of the central and east-central equatorial Pacific Ocean which affects global weather. Which of the statements given above is correct?

Consider the following statements: 1. The development of an El Niño brings drought to the western Pacific, rains to the equatorial coast of South America, and convective storms and hurricanes to the central Pacific. 2. El Nino and Indian monsoon are inversely related. 3. La Nina refers to the unusual warming of the central and east-central equatorial Pacific Ocean which affects global weather. Which of the statements given above is correct? Correct Answer 1 and 2 only

The correct answer is 1 and 2 only.

Important Points

  • El Nino refers to the unusual warming of the central and east-central equatorial Pacific Ocean which affects global weather. Hence, statement 3 is Not correct.
  • The warmer waters of the Pacific Ocean cause the winds in various regions to reverse, like the trade winds that come towards India.
  • This change of wind direction leads to warmer winters and summers and a decrease in rainfall during the monsoon.
  • Most of the time, it also leads to drought.
  • El Niño normally occurs around Christmas and usually lasts for a few weeks to a few months.
  • Climatically, the development of an El Niño brings drought to the western Pacific, rains to the equatorial coast of South America, and convective storms and hurricanes to the central Pacific. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
    • The warmer waters had a devastating effect on marine life existing off the coast of Peru and Ecuador.
    • Severe droughts occur in Australia, Indonesia, India and southern Africa.
    • Heavy rains in California, Ecuador, and the Gulf of Mexico.
  • El Nino and Indian monsoon are inversely related. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
  • However, not all El Nino years led to a drought in India.
  • El Nino directly impacts India’s agrarian economy as it tends to lower the production of summer crops such as rice, sugarcane, cotton and oilseeds.

Additional Information

  • La Nina
    • ​After an El Niño event weather conditions usually return back to normal.
    • However, in some years the trade winds can become extremely strong and an abnormal accumulation of cold water can occur in the central and eastern Pacific.
    • This event is called La Niña.

Related Questions

La Nina is suspected to have caused recent floods in Australia. How is La Nina different from El Nino? 1. La Nina is characterized by unusually cold ocean temperature in the equatorial Indian Ocean whereas El Nino is characterized by unusually warm ocean temperature in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. 2. El Nino has an adverse effect on the south-west monsoon of India, but La Nina has no effect on the monsoon climate. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 
La Nina is suspected to have caused recent floods in Australia. How is La Nina different from El Nino ?
1. La Nina is characterised by un-usually cold ocean temperature in equatorial Indian Ocean whereas El Nino IS characterised by unusually warm ocean temperature in the equatorial Pacific Ocean.
2. El Nino has adverse effect on south-west monsoon of India, but La Nina has no effect on monsoon climate.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
 A new type of El Nino called El Nino Modoki appeared in the news. In this context, consider the following statements: 1. Normal El Nino forms in the Central Pacific ocean whereas El Nino Modoki forms in the Eastern Pacific ocean.  2. Normal El Nino results in diminished hurricanes in the Atlantic ocean but El Nino Modoki results in a greater number of hurricanes with greater frequency. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 
What are the types of droughts as per ‘Krishi Aayog’ of India? a. Meteorological drought, Hydrological drought, Agricultural drought. b. Meteorological drought, Hydrological drought. c. Agricultural drought, Intense drought, Hydrological drought. d. Normal drought, Intense drought, Agricultural drought Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements : a. La Nina is a little girl. b. During the time of La Nina cold water in the ocean rises to the surface. c. La Nina strengthens the Indian monsoon. d. During the time of El Nino, trade winds weaken, and warm water moves east in the ocean. Which of the above statements is/are correct? 
With reference to 'Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD)' sometimes mentioned in the news while forecasting Indian monsoon which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. IOD phenomenon is characterised by a difference in sea surface temperature between tropical Western Indian Ocean and tropical Eastern Pacific Ocean. 2. An IOD phenomenon can influence an EI Nino's impact on the monsoon. Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Consider the following statements about the El-Nino phenomenon and identify the correct ones. El-Nino is a 'child christ', one of the coolest ocean currents appearing along the Peru coast, generally in December. It is a complex weather system that appears once every four to seven years intervals. It is characterized by the high pressure of air in the western part of the Pacific and low pressure of air in the eastern part of the Pacific.
With reference to Ocean currents consider the following statements:
1. West Australian current is a warm current.
2. North East Monsoon Drift flows in the Indian Ocean during winter season.
3. Equatorial counter current does not flow in the Indian Ocean during winter season.
4. Kuroshic current in the Pacific Ocean is like Gulf Stream in the Atlantic Ocean.
In the question given below,three paragraphs are given, which arejumbled. Find the correct sequence ofthese paragraphs so that they form ameaningful passage.
A. Climate change is warming the ocean,but its warming land faster and thatsreally bad news for air quality all overthe world, says a new University ofCalifornia, Riverside study. The study,published February 4 in Nature ClimateChange, shows that the contrast inwarming between the continents andsea, called the land-sea warmingcontrast, drives an increasedconcentration of aerosols in theatmosphere that cause airpollution. Aerosols affect the climatesystem, including disturbances to thewater cycle, as well as human health.They also cause smog and other kinds ofair pollution that can lead to healthproblems for people, animals, andplants.
B. To determine this, the researchersran simulations of climate change undertwo scenarios. The first assumed abusiness-as-usual warming model, inwhich warming proceeds at a constant,upward rate. The second model probeda scenario in which the land warmed lessthan expected. In the business-as-usualscenario, enhanced land warmingincreased continental aridity and,subsequently, the concentration ofaerosols that leads to more air pollution.
C. A robust response to an increase ingreenhouse gases is that the land isgoing to warm faster than the ocean.This enhanced land warming is alsoassociated with increased continental
aridity. The increase in aridity leads todecreased low cloud cover and less rain,which is the main way that aerosols areremoved from the atmosphere.
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives.
Eight north Indian Ocean countries, namely, Bangladesh, India, the Maldives, Myanmar, Oman, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Thailand, were asked to contribute names so that a combined list could be compiled. Each country gave eight names and a combined list of 64 names was prepared. This list is currently in use, and all cyclones arising in the north Indian Ocean are named from this list, with one name from each country being used in turn. Almost 38 or 39 names from the list have been used up, but since many cyclones dissipate long before they hit land, their names rarely figure in the papers or other media. The names that people do know about, and remember are, naturally, those that were most destructive ones, or very recent. Aila, in 2009 is remembered with a shudder for the enormous destruction it caused in West Bengal and Bangladesh; Phaillin, also for the damage it caused when it hit the Odisha coast in 2013. Two harmless cyclones, which also might remain in peoples memory, are the more recent ones of 2014 — Hudhud, which threatened the east coast of India and Nilofar, which was expected to, but did not, devastate the western coast. The names in the cyclone list are usually words one associates with storms; words which mean water or wind or lightning in various national languages. Sometimes they are names of other things — birds or flowers or precious stones. The name Aila, contributed by the Maldives means fire, the name Phaillin from Thailand means sapphire, the name Hudhud from Oman is the name of a bird, probably the hoopoe, and the name Nilofar, given by Pakistan, is the Urdu name of the lotus or water lily. The eight names suggested by India, and which are in the list of 64, are Agni, Akaash, Bijli, Jal, Leher, Megh, Sagar and Vayu, meaning in that order, fire, sky, lightning, water, wave, cloud, sea and wind. Five of these names (that is, up to Leher) have been used so far.
For the next cyclone if it is the turn of an Indian name to be chosen, then what will be that name?