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With reference to chemical fertilizers in India, consider the following statements: 1. At present, the retail price of chemical fertilizers is marker-driven and not administered by the Government. 2. Ammonia, which is an input of urea, is produced form natural gas. 3. Sulphur, which is a raw material for phosphoric acid fertilizer, is a by-product of oil refineries. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to chemical fertilizers in India, consider the following statements: 1. At present, the retail price of chemical fertilizers is marker-driven and not administered by the Government. 2. Ammonia, which is an input of urea, is produced form natural gas. 3. Sulphur, which is a raw material for phosphoric acid fertilizer, is a by-product of oil refineries. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? Correct Answer 2 and 3 only

The correct answer is 2 and 3 only.

Key Points

  • The Union Government subsidies the urea manufacturing units.
  • For the cost of transportation to facilitate the availability of urea at the same maximum retail price all over the country.
  • Also, the Government is subsidizing fertilizers for their availability at reasonable prices for agricultural purposes. Hence statement 1 is not correct.
  • Urea (NH2CONH2) is produced from ammonia (NH3) and gaseous carbon dioxide (CO2) at high pressure and relatively high temperature. Hence statement 2 is correct.
  • Sulphur is a by-product of processing natural gas and refining high-sulfur crude oils.
  • And Sulphur is a raw material for phosphoric acid fertilizer. Hence statement 3 is correct.

Important Points

  • The Government of India subsidizes fertilizers to ensure that fertilizers are easily available to farmers and the county remains self-sufficient in agriculture.
  • The same has been achieved largely by controlling the price of fertilizer and the amount of production
  • For example, as per the New Urea Policy of 2015, the government fixes the market price of urea.
  • Also, there is a fixed subsidy component as well.
  • Similarly, for Phosphorous and Potassium, as per the Nutrient Based Subsidy Scheme of 2010, subsidy is provided based on nutrient content per kg of fertilizer. 
  • Fertilizer production uses 1.2% of the world’s total energy out of which 90% is used for ammonia production, which is a key ingredient in the production of nitrogen fertilizers. Ammonia can be produced from natural gas.
  • Sulfur is a major by-product of oil refining and gas processing.
  • Most crude oil grades contain some sulfur, most of which must be removed during the refining process to meet strict sulfur content limits in refined products.
  • Also,Sulphur is used in phosphoric acid fertilizer (There is a process known as 'The Wet Process' for producing the same).

Related Questions

In the question below, are given a statement followed by three courses of actions numbered I, II and III. On the basis of the information given, you have to assume everything in the statement to be true, and then decide which of the following suggested courses of actions logically follow(s) for pursuing. Statement: High-sulphur fuel oil (HSFO), essentially the leftovers of an oil refiner's output, will still flow from refineries around the world even after new rules start up in 2020 curtailing its use in the global shipping fleet.Sixty percent of the 33 refineries in a global survey will still produce HSFO in 2020 although the supply will tighten as 70 percent of these refiners plan to reduce their output.  Courses of action: I. Starting that year, ships will use marine fuel, which primarily consists of residual fuel oil, with a maximum sulphur content of 0.5 percent under International Maritime Organization (IMO) rules to reduce air pollution.  II. Currently, the global shipping fleet, which includes oil and chemical tankers as well as container ships, uses as much as 3.3 million barrels per day of HSFO with a maximum of 3.5 percent sulphur.  III. Refiners will have little incentive to produce HSFO after the regulations though some demand will remain as a small but growing number of vessels are fitted with smokestack scrubbers that remove the sulphur from the exhaust fumes and power plants will continue to consume the fuel. 
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives and click the button corresponding to it.
Modern civilization is completely dependent on energy, which has therefore to be abundant and also economical. About 85% of the world's energy is supplied by oil, coal and natural gas while nuclear, hydro, wind and solar power and biomass supply the rest. Coal, nuclear and hydro are used primarily to generate electricity while natural gas is widely used for heating. Biomass is used both for heating and cooking. The wind and solar power is the future's hope as they are sustainable energy sources. Oil powers almost all machines that move and that makes oil uniquely versatile. Oil powered airplanes carry 500 people across the widest oceans at nearly the speed of sound. Oil powered machines produce and transport food. Oil powered machines are ubiquitous. Clearly, we live in the age of oil but it is drawing to a close. According to data available if oil production remains constant until it's gone, there is enough to last 42 years. Oil wells will produce less as they become depleted, which will make it impossible to keep production constant. Similarly natural gas and coal will last another 61 years and 133 years respectively. Naturally, as they become scarce, they become expensive, leading to a worldwide energy crisis. If we are to survive on this planet, we have to make a transition to sustainable energy sources. The transition may be willy-nilly or planned - the choice is ours. The dawning era of limited and expensive energy will be very difficult for everyone on earth but will be even more difficult if it is not anticipated. It is of utmost importance that the public and policymakers understand the global energy crisis and act in tandem to ensure that the species 'homo sapiens' does not become extinct. The theme of the passage is
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives and click the button corresponding to it.
Modern civilization is completely dependent on energy, which has therefore to be abundant and also economical. About 85% of the world's energy is supplied by oil, coal and natural gas while nuclear, hydro, wind and solar power and biomass supply the rest. Coal, nuclear and hydro are used primarily to generate electricity while natural gas is widely used for heating. Biomass is used both for heating and cooking. The wind and solar power is the future's hope as they are sustainable energy sources. Oil powers almost all machines that move and that makes oil uniquely versatile. Oil powered airplanes carry 500 people across the widest oceans at nearly the speed of sound. Oil powered machines produce and transport food. Oil powered machines are ubiquitous. Clearly, we live in the age of oil but it is drawing to a close. According to data available if oil production remains constant until it's gone, there is enough to last 42 years. Oil wells will produce less as they become depleted, which will make it impossible to keep production constant. Similarly natural gas and coal will last another 61 years and 133 years respectively. Naturally, as they become scarce, they become expensive, leading to a worldwide energy crisis. If we are to survive on this planet, we have to make a transition to sustainable energy sources. The transition may be willy-nilly or planned - the choice is ours. The dawning era of limited and expensive energy will be very difficult for everyone on earth but will be even more difficult if it is not anticipated. It is of utmost importance that the public and policymakers understand the global energy crisis and act in tandem to ensure that the species 'homo sapiens' does not become extinct. Biomass is an energy source used in
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives and click the button corresponding to it.
Modern civilisation is completely dependent on energy, which has therefore to be abundant and also economical. About 85% of the world's energy is supplied by oil, coal and natural gas while nuclear, hydro, wind and solar power and biomass supply the rest. Coal, nuclear and hydro are used primarily to generate electricity while natural gas is widely used for heating. Biomass is used both for heating and cooking. The wind and solar power is the future's hope as they are sustainable energy sources. Oil powers almost all machines that move and that makes oil uniquely versatile. Oil powered airplanes carry 500 people across the widest oceans at nearly the speed of sound. Oil powered machines produce and transport food. Oil powered machines are ubiquitous. Clearly, we live in the age of oil but it is drawing to a close. According to data available if oil production remains constant until it's gone, there is enough to last 42 years. Oil wells will produce less as they become depleted, which will make it impossible to keep production constant. Similarly natural gas and coal will last another 61 years and 133 years respectively. Naturally, as they become scarce, they become expensive, leading to a worldwide energy crisis. If we are to survive on this planet, we have to make a transition to sustainable energy sources. The transition may be willy-nilly or planned - the choice is ours. The dawning era of limited and expensive energy will be very difficult for everyone on earth but will be even more difficult if it is not anticipated. It is of utmost importance that the public and policymakers understand the global energy crisis and act in tandem to ensure that the species 'homo sapiens' does not become extinct. The synonym for Ubiquitous is
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives and click the button corresponding to it.
Modern civilisation is completely dependent on energy, which has therefore to be abundant and also economical. About 85% of the world's energy is supplied by oil, coal and natural gas while nuclear, hydro, wind and solar power and biomass supply the rest. Coal, nuclear and hydro are used primarily to generate electricity while natural gas is widely used for heating. Biomass is used both for heating and cooking. The wind and solar power is the future's hope as they are sustainable energy sources. Oil powers almost all machines that move and that makes oil uniquely versatile. Oil powered airplanes carry 500 people across the widest oceans at nearly the speed of sound. Oil powered machines produce and transport food. Oil powered machines are ubiquitous. Clearly, we live in the age of oil but it is drawing to a close. According to data available if oil production remains constant until it's gone, there is enough to last 42 years. Oil wells will produce less as they become depleted, which will make it impossible to keep production constant. Similarly natural gas and coal will last another 61 years and 133 years respectively. Naturally, as they become scarce, they become expensive, leading to a worldwide energy crisis. If we are to survive on this planet, we have to make a transition to sustainable energy sources. The transition may be willy-nilly or planned - the choice is ours. The dawning era of limited and expensive energy will be very difficult for everyone on earth but will be even more difficult if it is not anticipated. It is of utmost importance that the public and policymakers understand the global energy crisis and act in tandem to ensure that the species 'homo sapiens' does not become extinct. The energy sources of the future are
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives and click the button corresponding to it.
Modern civilisation is completely dependent on energy, which has therefore to be abundant and also economical. About 85% of the world's energy is supplied by oil, coal and natural gas while nuclear, hydro, wind and solar power and biomass supply the rest. Coal, nuclear and hydro are used primarily to generate electricity while natural gas is widely used for heating. Biomass is used both for heating and cooking. The wind and solar power is the future's hope as they are sustainable energy sources. Oil powers almost all machines that move and that makes oil uniquely versatile. Oil powered airplanes carry 500 people across the widest oceans at nearly the speed of sound. Oil powered machines produce and transport food. Oil powered machines are ubiquitous. Clearly, we live in the age of oil but it is drawing to a close. According to data available if oil production remains constant until it's gone, there is enough to last 42 years. Oil wells will produce less as they become depleted, which will make it impossible to keep production constant. Similarly natural gas and coal will last another 61 years and 133 years respectively. Naturally, as they become scarce, they become expensive, leading to a worldwide energy crisis. If we are to survive on this planet, we have to make a transition to sustainable energy sources. The transition may be willy-nilly or planned - the choice is ours. The dawning era of limited and expensive energy will be very difficult for everyone on earth but will be even more difficult if it is not anticipated. It is of utmost importance that the public and policymakers understand the global energy crisis and act in tandem to ensure that the species 'homo sapiens' does not become extinct. The survival of mankind will depend on
In the question below is given a statement followed by two courses of action numbered I and II. You have to assume everything given in the statement to be true and then decide which of the given/ suggested courses of action logically follows for pursuing. Statement: One of the problems of the public food- processing industry is the irregular supply of raw material to other industries also. Courses of Action:  The government should deregulate the supply of raw material for the food processing industry. The government should announce an attractive package to ensure regular supply of raw material. The producers of raw material are not getting a reasonable price
If farmers want to improve their yield, they must use organic fertilizers in place of chemical fertilizers. Assumptions: I.Chemical fertilizers have certain ill effects on health II.Chemical fertilizers do not produce as much yield as the organic fertilizers.
Statement : One of the problems facing the food processing industry is the irregular supply of raw material. The producers of raw material are not getting a reasonable price.

Courses of Action :
I. The government should regulate the supply of raw material to other industries also.
II. The government should announce an attractive package to ensure regular supply of raw material for food processing industry.
India's first gas exchange, the Indian Gas Exchange (IGX), was launched as a wholly owned subsidiary of Indian Energy Exchange. Which of the following statements are correct? 1. It is a digital trading platform that will allow buyers and sellers to trade both in the spot market and in the forward market for imported natural gas. 2. It will allow trade across three hubs - Dahej and Hazira in Gujarat and Kakinada in Andhra Pradesh. 3. Imported Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) will be regassified and sold to buyers through the exchange, removing the requirement for buyers and sellers to find each other. 4. Only inter-governmental trade in domestically produced natural gas is allowed at the gas exchange. Select the correct answer using the code given below: