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Which of the following pairs is/are correctly matched? 1. Disguised Unemployment: More people are employed than actually needed. 2. Structural Unemployment: Mismatch between the jobs and the skills of the available workers in the market. 3. Cyclical Unemployment: The time lag between two jobs. 4. Frictional Unemployment: Result of the business cycle

Which of the following pairs is/are correctly matched? 1. Disguised Unemployment: More people are employed than actually needed. 2. Structural Unemployment: Mismatch between the jobs and the skills of the available workers in the market. 3. Cyclical Unemployment: The time lag between two jobs. 4. Frictional Unemployment: Result of the business cycle Correct Answer 1 and 2 only

The correct answer is 1 and 2 only.

Key Points

  • Unemployment occurs when a person who is actively searching for employment is unable to find work.
  • It is often used as a measure of the health of the economy. 
  • Types of Unemployment
  • Disguised Unemployment:
    • The phenomenon when more people are employed than actually needed. Hence statement 1 is correct.
    • Example: agricultural and the unorganized sectors of India.
  • Seasonal Unemployment:
    • Unemployment occurs during certain seasons of the year.
    • Example: Agricultural labourers.
  • Structural Unemployment:
    • Unemployment arising from the mismatch between the jobs and the skills of the available workers in the market. Hence statement 2 is correct.
    • Many people do not get jobs due to a lack of requisite skills and due to the poor educational level.
  • Cyclical Unemployment:
    • It is the result of the business cycle. Hence statement 3 is not correct.
    • Unemployment rises during recessions and declines with economic growth. 
  • ​Technological Unemployment:
    • It is the loss of jobs due to changes in technology.
  • ​Frictional Unemployment:
    • Frictional Unemployment is also known as Search Unemployment. Hence statement 4 is not correct.
    • It refers to the time lag between the jobs when an individual is searching for a new job or is switching between the jobs.
  • ​Vulnerable Employment:
    • This means people are working informally without proper job contracts.
    • These persons are deemed ‘unemployed’ since records of their work are never maintained.

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