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Which of the following statements are correct?   A) Fungi are responsible microorganisms for the deterioration of petrol. B) Microorganism can deteriorate metals. C) Bacteria and Fungi are agents for the deterioration of plastic. D) Bacteria are unable to deteriorate cosmetics.

Which of the following statements are correct?   A) Fungi are responsible microorganisms for the deterioration of petrol. B) Microorganism can deteriorate metals. C) Bacteria and Fungi are agents for the deterioration of plastic. D) Bacteria are unable to deteriorate cosmetics. Correct Answer A, B, C

The correct answer is A, B, C.
 
Key Points
  • Fungi is a better degrader of petroleum than traditional bioremediation techniques. 
  • Fungi produce extracellular enzymes for the assimilation of complex carbohydrates makes possible the degradation of a wide range of pollutants.
  • They grow in fermenters, thus being suited for large scale production.
  • Another advantage is the easy separation of fungal biomass by filtration due to its filamentous structure.

 

Additional Information

  • The degradation of the synthetic plastic mediated by the microbes is known as biodegradation.
  • Biodegradation of natural and synthetic plastics is carried out by microbes like Bacteria, Fungi under optimal growth conditions of the respective microbes in the soil.
  • The microorganism can deteriorate metals it is called a bioremediation technique.

 

Important Points

Fungi-
  • Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that include microorganisms such as yeasts, moulds and mushrooms.
  • These organisms are classified under kingdom fungi.
  • The organisms found in Kingdom fungi contain a cell wall and are omnipresent.
  • They are classified as heterotrophs among living organisms.
  • The appearance of black spots on bread left outside for some days, the mushrooms and the yeast cells, which are commonly used for the production of beer and bread are also fungi.
  • They are also found in most of skin infections and other fungal diseases.
 
Bacteria-
  • Bacteria are unicellular organisms belonging to the prokaryotic group where the organisms lack a few organelles and a true nucleus.
  • These organisms can live in soil, the ocean and inside the human gut.

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