Which unitary elements are found in Indian Federal System? i. Written Constitution ii. Rigid Constitution iii. Supremacy of the Constitution iv. Appointment of Governor v. Decentralisation of Powers vi. President's approval on state bills vii. Constitutional Crises viii. One Supreme Court
Which unitary elements are found in Indian Federal System? i. Written Constitution ii. Rigid Constitution iii. Supremacy of the Constitution iv. Appointment of Governor v. Decentralisation of Powers vi. President's approval on state bills vii. Constitutional Crises viii. One Supreme Court Correct Answer iv, vi, vii
The correct answer is Appointment of Governor, President's approval on state bills, Constitutional Crises
Key Points
- The Indian Constitution has been described as ‘federal in form but, unitary in spirit’, ‘quasi-federal’ by K.C. Wheare, ‘bargaining federalism’ by Morris Jones, ‘co-operative federalism’ by Granville
- Apart from the federal features, the Indian Constitution also possesses the following unitary features:
- Strong Centre
- States Not Indestructible
- Single Constitution
- Flexibility of the Constitution
- No Equality of State Representation
- Emergency Provisions (It includes constitutional Crises)
- Single Citizenship
- Integrated Judiciary
- All-India Services
- Integrated Audit Machinery
- Parliament’s Authority Over State List
- Appointment of Governor
- Integrated Election Machinery
- Veto Over State Bills
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Feb 20, 2025