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Which of the following indicators can be used to access the health status of a country? 1. Infant mortality rate 2. Maternal mortality rate 3. Life expectancy 4. Per capita income Choose the correct answer using the options given below.

Which of the following indicators can be used to access the health status of a country? 1. Infant mortality rate 2. Maternal mortality rate 3. Life expectancy 4. Per capita income Choose the correct answer using the options given below. Correct Answer 1, 2 and 3 only

The correct answer is 1, 2 and 3 only.

Key Points

  • The indicators that can be used to access the health status of a country are the following:
    • Infant mortality rate: It is the number of infant deaths for every 1,000 live births.
      • It is the measure of human infant deaths in a group younger than one year of age.
      • As per the 2011 census, it is 44/1000. 
    • Maternal mortality rate: It is the number of registered maternal deaths due to birth or pregnancy-related complications per 100,000 registered live births.
      • As per the Sample Registration System report on 12/02/2021, by Registrar General of India, the Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) of India is 113/ 100,000 live births SRS 2016-18.
    • Life expectancy: It refers to the number of years a person is expected to live based on the statistical average.
      • It varies by geographical area and by era.
      • India’s life expectancy (for a baby born in 2021) is 69 years and 4 months.
        • It is less than the world’s average lifespan of 72.81 years.
      • Hence, option 4 is correct.
    • Nutritional levels: It refers to the contents of food and the impact of its constituents on the body. 
      • It is essential in maintaining the performance of a neonatal, growing child or grown person.
    • Incidence of communicable and non-communicable diseases: It refers to the vulnerability rate of people towards diseases causing disruption in regular growth.

Note:- Life expectancy, education, and per capita income are indicators of the Human Development Index (HDI). 

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