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The Philosophical system which postulates that, ‘Everything in reality stems from ‘Purusha’ and ‘Prakriti”?

The Philosophical system which postulates that, ‘Everything in reality stems from ‘Purusha’ and ‘Prakriti”? Correct Answer Samkhya

  • Samkhya is one of the six astika schools of Indian philosophy.
  • It is most related to the Yoga school of Hinduism, and it was influential on other schools of Indian philosophy.
  • It forms the theoretical foundation of Yoga.
  • Samkhya's epistemology accepts three of six pramanas ('proofs') as the only reliable means of gaining knowledge, as does yoga.
  • These are pratyakṣa ('perception'), anumāṇa ('inference') and śabda (āptavacana, meaning, 'word/testimony of reliable sources').

Key Points

Theory of Self: 

  • Samkhya is dualistic realism.
  • Samkhya philosophy regards the universe as consisting of two independent realities:
  • Purusha:
    • It is the self (Atman) and is based on pure consciousness.
    • Purusha is not one but many.
  • Prakriti:
    • ​It is the non-self based on matter.
    • It is devoid of consciousness.
    • Prakriti is unintelligible and gets greatly influenced by the Purusha.
    • The mind and the thoughts that appear in the mind are also considered a part of Prakriti.
  • Samkhya considers that both matter and spirit are equally real.
  • Jiva ('a living being') is that state in which Purusha is bonded to Prakriti in some form.
  • The universe is described by this school as one created by Purusha-Prakriti entities.
  • These are infused with various combinations of variously enumerated elements, senses, feelings, activity, and mind.
  • During the state of imbalance, one or more constituents overwhelm the others, creating a form of bondage, particularly of the mind.
  • The end of this imbalance and bondage is called liberation or kaivalya by the Samkhya school.
  • The existence of God or a supreme being is not considered relevant by the Samkhya philosophers.
  • Samkhya denies the final cause of Ishvara.
  • The Samkhya school considers the Vedas a reliable source of knowledge.
  • Samkhya philosophy is known for its theory of Gunas.

​
​Thus, Samkhya is the oldest of the orthodox philosophical systems, and it postulates that everything, in reality, stems from purusha (self, soul or mind) and prakriti (matter, creative agency, energy). Purush cannot be modified or changed while prakriti brings a change in all objects.

Related Questions

Consider the following statements in the light of Bradley's theory of appearance and reality
1. We apprehend the nature of reality through its appearances, which are things of everyday life.
2. Reality is related to appearances, and appearances are appearances of reality.
3. Reality is found in all appearances, but not in the same degree.
Select the correct answer:
Niranjan is the son of Sumit. Prakriti is the mother of Nilanjana. Virat's mother is Nilanjana. Prakriti is the mother of Kriti's father, Niranjan. How is Sumit related to Prakriti?
Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four alternatives.
What is Gandhian philosophy? It is the religious and social ideas adopted and developed by Gandhi, first during his period in South Africa from 1893 to 1914, and later of course in India. These ideas have been further developed by later "Gandhians", most notably, in India by, Vinoba Bhave and Jayaprakash Narayan. Outside of India some of the work of, for example, Martin Luther King Jr. can also be viewed in this light. Understanding the universe to be an organic whole, the philosophy exists on several planes - the spiritual or religious, moral, political, economic, social, individual and collective. The spiritual or religious element, and God, is at its core. Human nature is regarded as fundamentally virtuous. All individuals are believed to be capable of high moral development, and of reform. The twin cardinal principles of Gandhi's thought are truth and nonviolence. It should be remembered that the English word "truth" is an imperfect translation of the Sanskrit, "satya", and "non-violence", an even more imperfect translation of "ahimsa". Derived from "sat" - "that which exists" - "satya" contains a dimension of meaning not usually associated by English speakers with the word "truth". There are other variations, too, which we need not go into here. For Gandhi, truth is the relative truth of truthfulness in word and deed, and the absolute truth - the Ultimate Reality. This ultimate truth is God (as God is also Truth) and morality - the moral laws and code - its basis. Ahimsa, far from meaning mere peacefulness or the absence of overt violence, is understood by Gandhi to denote active love - the pole opposite of violence, or "Himsa", in every sense. The ultimate station Gandhi assigns non violence stems from two main points. First, if according to the Divine Reality all life is one, then all violence committed towards another is violence towards oneself, towards the collective, whole self, and thus "self"-destructive and counter to the universal law of life, which is love. Second, Gandhi believed that ahimsa is the most powerful force in existence. Had himsa been superior to ahimsa, humankind would long ago have succeeded in destroying itself. The human race certainly could not have progressed as far as it has, even if universal justice remains far off the horizon. From both viewpoints, non violence or love is regarded as the highest law of humankind.
According to Gandhiji, truth complies to which of the following?
Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four alternatives.
What is Gandhian philosophy? It is the religious and social ideas adopted and developed by Gandhi, first during his period in South Africa from 1893 to 1914, and later of course in India. These ideas have been further developed by later "Gandhians", most notably, in India by, Vinoba Bhave and Jayaprakash Narayan. Outside of India some of the work of, for example, Martin Luther King Jr. can also be viewed in this light. Understanding the universe to be an organic whole, the philosophy exists on several planes - the spiritual or religious, moral, political, economic, social, individual and collective. The spiritual or religious element, and God, is at its core. Human nature is regarded as fundamentally virtuous. All individuals are believed to be capable of high moral development, and of reform. The twin cardinal principles of Gandhi's thought are truth and nonviolence. It should be remembered that the English word "truth" is an imperfect translation of the Sanskrit, "satya", and "non-violence", an even more imperfect translation of "ahimsa". Derived from "sat" - "that which exists" - "satya" contains a dimension of meaning not usually associated by English speakers with the word "truth". There are other variations, too, which we need not go into here. For Gandhi, truth is the relative truth of truthfulness in word and deed, and the absolute truth - the Ultimate Reality. This ultimate truth is God (as God is also Truth) and morality - the moral laws and code - its basis. Ahimsa, far from meaning mere peacefulness or the absence of overt violence, is understood by Gandhi to denote active love - the pole opposite of violence, or "Himsa", in every sense. The ultimate station Gandhi assigns non violence stems from two main points. First, if according to the Divine Reality all life is one, then all violence committed towards another is violence towards oneself, towards the collective, whole self, and thus "self"-destructive and counter to the universal law of life, which is love. Second, Gandhi believed that ahimsa is the most powerful force in existence. Had himsa been superior to ahimsa, humankind would long ago have succeeded in destroying itself. The human race certainly could not have progressed as far as it has, even if universal justice remains far off the horizon. From both viewpoints, non violence or love is regarded as the highest law of humankind.
According to the passage, which of the following statement is not true?
Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four alternatives.
What is Gandhian philosophy? It is the religious and social ideas adopted and developed by Gandhi, first during his period in South Africa from 1893 to 1914, and later of course in India. These ideas have been further developed by later "Gandhians", most notably, in India by, Vinoba Bhave and Jayaprakash Narayan. Outside of India some of the work of, for example, Martin Luther King Jr. can also be viewed in this light. Understanding the universe to be an organic whole, the philosophy exists on several planes - the spiritual or religious, moral, political, economic, social, individual and collective. The spiritual or religious element, and God, is at its core. Human nature is regarded as fundamentally virtuous. All individuals are believed to be capable of high moral development, and of reform. The twin cardinal principles of Gandhi's thought are truth and nonviolence. It should be remembered that the English word "truth" is an imperfect translation of the Sanskrit, "satya", and "non-violence", an even more imperfect translation of "ahimsa". Derived from "sat" - "that which exists" - "satya" contains a dimension of meaning not usually associated by English speakers with the word "truth". There are other variations, too, which we need not go into here. For Gandhi, truth is the relative truth of truthfulness in word and deed, and the absolute truth - the Ultimate Reality. This ultimate truth is God (as God is also Truth) and morality - the moral laws and code - its basis. Ahimsa, far from meaning mere peacefulness or the absence of overt violence, is understood by Gandhi to denote active love - the pole opposite of violence, or "Himsa", in every sense. The ultimate station Gandhi assigns non violence stems from two main points. First, if according to the Divine Reality all life is one, then all violence committed towards another is violence towards oneself, towards the collective, whole self, and thus "self"-destructive and counter to the universal law of life, which is love. Second, Gandhi believed that ahimsa is the most powerful force in existence. Had himsa been superior to ahimsa, humankind would long ago have succeeded in destroying itself. The human race certainly could not have progressed as far as it has, even if universal justice remains far off the horizon. From both viewpoints, non violence or love is regarded as the highest law of humankind.
What are the twin cardinal principles of Gandhis thought?
Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four alternatives.
What is Gandhian philosophy? It is the religious and social ideas adopted and developed by Gandhi, first during his period in South Africa from 1893 to 1914, and later of course in India. These ideas have been further developed by later "Gandhians", most notably, in India by, Vinoba Bhave and Jayaprakash Narayan. Outside of India some of the work of, for example, Martin Luther King Jr. can also be viewed in this light. Understanding the universe to be an organic whole, the philosophy exists on several planes - the spiritual or religious, moral, political, economic, social, individual and collective. The spiritual or religious element, and God, is at its core. Human nature is regarded as fundamentally virtuous. All individuals are believed to be capable of high moral development, and of reform. The twin cardinal principles of Gandhi's thought are truth and nonviolence. It should be remembered that the English word "truth" is an imperfect translation of the Sanskrit, "satya", and "non-violence", an even more imperfect translation of "ahimsa". Derived from "sat" - "that which exists" - "satya" contains a dimension of meaning not usually associated by English speakers with the word "truth". There are other variations, too, which we need not go into here. For Gandhi, truth is the relative truth of truthfulness in word and deed, and the absolute truth - the Ultimate Reality. This ultimate truth is God (as God is also Truth) and morality - the moral laws and code - its basis. Ahimsa, far from meaning mere peacefulness or the absence of overt violence, is understood by Gandhi to denote active love - the pole opposite of violence, or "Himsa", in every sense. The ultimate station Gandhi assigns non violence stems from two main points. First, if according to the Divine Reality all life is one, then all violence committed towards another is violence towards oneself, towards the collective, whole self, and thus "self"-destructive and counter to the universal law of life, which is love. Second, Gandhi believed that ahimsa is the most powerful force in existence. Had himsa been superior to ahimsa, humankind would long ago have succeeded in destroying itself. The human race certainly could not have progressed as far as it has, even if universal justice remains far off the horizon. From both viewpoints, non violence or love is regarded as the highest law of humankind.
According to Gandhiji, what is the most powerful force in existence?
The following sentences form a paragraph. The sentences P,Q,R and S are not ordered properly.Choose the option that arranges these sentences in the proper order. P. Virtual reality is an immersive, computer-generated scenario  that can simulate a real-life experience. Q. It can also be fantastical, creating an experience that is not possible in ordinary physical reality.  R. This immersive environment can be similar to the real world. S. Augmented reality systems may also be considered a form of virtual reality.
In the following question, two statements are given each followed by two conclusions I and II. You have to consider the statements to be true even ifthey seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. You have to decide which of the given conclusions, if any, follows from the given statements. Statements:
(I) All flowers are stems.
(II) All stems are roots. Conclusion:
(I) All roots are flowers.
(II) All stems are flowers.
Sautrantika believes in
1. reality of mind.
2. reality of external objects.
3. Non-reality of mind.
4. Non-reality of external objects.
Select the correct answer:
Which of the following could be associated with Buddhism? I. Rejection of the authority of Vedas II. Denial of God III. Belief in the categories of jiva and ajiva IV. The concept of nirvana V. Theory of prakriti and purusha