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Which of the following statements about Mahatma Gandhi's anti-untouchability campaign is/are correct? 1. The All India Harijan Sevak Sangh was founded for this purpose. 2. The campaign was to root out untouchability since it did not enjoy the anti-sanction of the Hindu shastras. Select the correct answer using the code given below :

Which of the following statements about Mahatma Gandhi's anti-untouchability campaign is/are correct? 1. The All India Harijan Sevak Sangh was founded for this purpose. 2. The campaign was to root out untouchability since it did not enjoy the anti-sanction of the Hindu shastras. Select the correct answer using the code given below : Correct Answer 1 only

The correct answer is 1 only.

Key Points

Mahatma Gandhi

  • He is also known in India as the father of the nation.
  • He was born on 2nd October 1869 in the Porbandar region of Gujarat.
  • He was born and raised in a Hindu merchant caste family and was trained in law in London.
  • In 1932, Gandhi founded the Harijan Sevak Sanghas as part of his efforts to eradicate the concept of ‘untouchability from India’s caste system. Hence, Statement 1 is correct.
  • He put his close friend, the pioneering industrialist Ghanshyam Das Birla, in charge of the organization.
  • The group’s efforts have helped the depressed classes to access public places such as temples, schools, roads, and water resources that were previously available only to those of privilege.
  • Gandhi believed that standing at the heart of the inherited Hindu tradition, including its caste system, it was possible to overcome untouchability.
  • He firmly believed that ultimately the removal of untouchability depended on the change of heart of millions of caste Hindus. 
  • Gandhi had insisted that untouchability was sanctioned by the Shastras and thus part and parcel of Hindu dharma. Hence, Statement 2 is not correct.

Related Questions

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Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four alternatives.
What is Gandhian philosophy? It is the religious and social ideas adopted and developed by Gandhi, first during his period in South Africa from 1893 to 1914, and later of course in India. These ideas have been further developed by later "Gandhians", most notably, in India by, Vinoba Bhave and Jayaprakash Narayan. Outside of India some of the work of, for example, Martin Luther King Jr. can also be viewed in this light. Understanding the universe to be an organic whole, the philosophy exists on several planes - the spiritual or religious, moral, political, economic, social, individual and collective. The spiritual or religious element, and God, is at its core. Human nature is regarded as fundamentally virtuous. All individuals are believed to be capable of high moral development, and of reform. The twin cardinal principles of Gandhi's thought are truth and nonviolence. It should be remembered that the English word "truth" is an imperfect translation of the Sanskrit, "satya", and "non-violence", an even more imperfect translation of "ahimsa". Derived from "sat" - "that which exists" - "satya" contains a dimension of meaning not usually associated by English speakers with the word "truth". There are other variations, too, which we need not go into here. For Gandhi, truth is the relative truth of truthfulness in word and deed, and the absolute truth - the Ultimate Reality. This ultimate truth is God (as God is also Truth) and morality - the moral laws and code - its basis. Ahimsa, far from meaning mere peacefulness or the absence of overt violence, is understood by Gandhi to denote active love - the pole opposite of violence, or "Himsa", in every sense. The ultimate station Gandhi assigns non violence stems from two main points. First, if according to the Divine Reality all life is one, then all violence committed towards another is violence towards oneself, towards the collective, whole self, and thus "self"-destructive and counter to the universal law of life, which is love. Second, Gandhi believed that ahimsa is the most powerful force in existence. Had himsa been superior to ahimsa, humankind would long ago have succeeded in destroying itself. The human race certainly could not have progressed as far as it has, even if universal justice remains far off the horizon. From both viewpoints, non violence or love is regarded as the highest law of humankind.
What are the twin cardinal principles of Gandhis thought?