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Which of the following organisms engulfs food to form food vacuoles?

Which of the following organisms engulfs food to form food vacuoles? Correct Answer Amoeba

The correct answer is Amoeba.

Concept:

  • Vacuoles-
    • Vacuoles are large membranous sac found in the cytoplasm.
    • These store substances that are not essentially useful for the cell (like water, sap, excretory product, and other materials).
  • Food vacuole-
    • They occur in the cells of mainly protozoan protists. These are formed by engulfing the food particles, i.e., by the fusion of lysosome and phagosome.
    • The digested material thus passes out into the surrounding cytoplasm.

Explanation:

  • Amoeba is a single-celled microscopic organism found in pond water. 
  • In its cytoplasm, the amoeba has a cell membrane, a rounded, dense nucleus, and numerous small bubble-like vacuoles. 
  • Amoeba constantly changes their shape and position. 
  • It pushes out one, or more finger-like projections, called pseudopodia (false feet) for movement and capture of food.
  • Amoeba feeds on some microscopic organisms. 
  • When it senses food, it pushes out pseudopodia around the food particle and engulfs it. 
  • Amoeba takes in food using temporary finger-like extensions of the cell surface which fuse over the food particle forming a food vacuole. 
  • Complex substances are broken down inside the food vacuole into simpler ones, which then diffuse into the cytoplasm. 
  • The remaining undigested material is moved to the surface of the cell and thrown out.

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