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Which of the following parts of the mammalian nephron is found in renal medulla?

Which of the following parts of the mammalian nephron is found in renal medulla? Correct Answer Loop of Henle

Key Points
  • Internally, the kidney has 2 zones:
    • Medulla - is present on the inner side and divided into conical masses.
    • Cortex - is present on the outer side and also extends in between the medullary pyramids.
  • The mammalian kidney consists of numerous tubular structures called nephrons.
  • Each nephron has 2 parts:
    • Glomerulus - is a tuft of capillaries that takes part in the first step of urine formation, i.e. glomerular filtration.
    • Renal Tubule - starts with the Bowman's capsule, continues as proximal convoluted tubule(PCT), Henle's loop and the distal convoluted tubule(DCT).
  • The glomerulus together with Bowman's capsule is called malpighian or renal corpuscle.
  • The renal corpuscle, PCT and DCT are present in the cortical region of the kidney.
  • The loop of Henle is present in the renal medulla (as shown in diagram).

Additional Information

  • Glomerulus:
    • It helps in filtration of blood through 3 layers - endothelium of glomerular blood vessels, epithelium of Bowman's capsule and the basement membrane between the two layers.
    • The process is termed as ultrafiltration as the blood is so finely filtered that all plasma contents except proteins pass onto the Bowman's capsule.
  • Proximal Convoluted Tubule:
    • It helps in maintaining the pH and ionic balance of the body fluids.
    • It reabsorbs nearly all essential nutrients along with 70-80% of electrolytes and water.
  • Loop of Henle:
    • Minimum reabsorption takes place.
    • It plays important role in maintenance of high osmolarity of medullary interstitial fluid.
    • It helps in concentrating the urine so that water is conserved in the body.
  • Distal Convoluted Tubule:
    • There is conditional reabsorption of water and Na+.
    • It helps in maintaining the pH and sodium-potassium balance in blood.

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