Voiding cystourethrogram
Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG/ VCU)
A voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG/ VCU) is a test performed that evaluates the anatomy and function of the lower urinary system—all the way from the kidneys to the bladder and the urethra—using an X-ray procedure and a contrast material.
Why do I need a VCUG?
Your doctor may recommend a VCUG if symptoms suggest a urinary tract infection, recurrent urinary tract infections, bladder or urethral abnormalities. It is also used to detect bladder/kidney problems in a newborn.
What is the preparation for a VCUG?
Before the procedure, the patient may need to drink water or a special liquid to make the bladder larger and easier to see. In babies, the parents may need to skip a feeding prior to the test. In some cases, the doctor may order antibiotics before the procedure as a preventive measure.
What is the procedure for a VCUG?
The procedure is simple and painless. It takes about 10 minutes and is usually performed in a radiology or an imaging lab. The patient lies on an X-ray table, the lower body is lubricated, and a catheter (flexible tube) is then used to introduce the contrast material into the bladder. Once the bladder is full, X-rays of the bladder and urethra are taken while the patient is asked to urinate.
Are there any risks or side effects of a VCUG?
The procedure is usually safe and complications are rare. In rare cases, the contrast material may cause an allergic reaction. Rarely, the catheter may cause infection or irritation of the urethra.
Types of VCUG
- Classic VCUG – It is done after the bladder has filled up and emptied out multiple times to assess the reflux of urine.
- Contrast VCUG – It looks at the anatomy of the kidneys, bladder, and ureter using X-rays taken while the bladder is filled with contrast material.
- Magnetic Resonance Urogram (MRU) – It is an alternative to the VCUG that uses MRI scans instead of X-rays.
When is a VCUG done?
A VCUG is usually done after the procedure of a cystoscopy, or it can be recommended after a urinary tract infection or if the patient’s symptoms suggest any bladder or urethral abnormality. It is also done in newborns to evaluate the cause of possible urinary abnormalities.
