Pleural fluid culture
Pleural Fluid Culture: What is it?
Pleural fluid culture is a laboratory procedure used to identify infectious agents, such as bacteria, in the pleural space between the lungs and chest wall. It involves collecting and testing pleural fluid specimens. The results can provide useful information about the presence and type of infection as well as the most effective treatment.
What is the Preparation?
Before the procedure, you will undergo a physical exam and provide your doctor with a detailed medical history. You may be given antibiotics to prevent infection and the procedure may be done under local anesthesia.
How is the Procedure Performed?
The specimen is collected using an x-ray or ultrasound guided needle or tube that is inserted into the pleural space between the lungs and chest wall. The specimen is then sent to a laboratory, where it is examined for any evidence of infection. The procedure usually takes less than an hour.
Types of Pleural Fluid Culture
There are two types of pleural fluid culture:
- Gram Stain Culture: This type of culture is done to determine the type of bacteria that may be present in the fluid.
- DNA Analysis: A DNA test can be used to diagnose certain types of infections, such as pneumocystis jiroveci.
Risks of Pleural Fluid Culture
Although pleural fluid culture is generally safe, there are some risks associated with the procedure. These include:
- Infection: There is a risk of infection from the procedure.
- Bleeding: There is a risk of minor bleeding from the puncture site.
- Allergic Reaction: There is a risk of an allergic reaction to the anesthetics used.
Why is Pleural Fluid Culture Done?
Pleural fluid culture is done to diagnose and/or confirm an infection in the pleural space. It is helpful in determining the appropriate course of treatment. It can also help determine the cause of certain types of chest pain and respiratory symptoms.
When is Pleural Fluid Culture Performed?
Pleural fluid culture is typically performed when a patient has signs and symptoms of an infection in the pleural space. These may include fever, cough, chest pain, difficulty breathing, or coughing up blood. The procedure may be required before starting treatment, to diagnose the infection, or to monitor the response to treatment.
