Intravenous pyelogram

What is an Intravenous Pyelogram?

An Intravenous Pyelogram (IVP) is an imaging test that uses an X-ray of a person's kidneys, ureters, and bladder to detect abnormalities. It is commonly used to detect kidney stones. It is usually performed after a person has had an abdominal or pelvic CT scan, or a urinary tract infection.

Preparing For the Procedure

Prior to an IVP, a person should inform their doctor of any medications or supplements they are taking, any allergies, and whether they can feel comfortable lying still for the procedure. They should also make sure that they have fasted for at least four hours prior to the procedure.

IVP Procedure

During the procedure, a doctor will use a needle to inject a special dye (contrast material) into a person's vein. The dye passes through the person's bloodstream and travels to their kidneys. As the dye moves through, an X-ray is taken to produce images of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. The procedure usually takes about 10 to 30 minutes.

Types of IVP

There are two types of IVP: single-shot and multiple-shot. Single-shot is used to generate one detailed image of the ureter and urinary tract. Multiple-shot is used to generate multiple images that allow for better evaluation of the bladder and other structures.

Risks and Complications

The procedure is generally safe, however, there is always a risk of side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, difficulty breathing, or an allergic reaction. There is also a slight risk of radiation exposure.

Why is an IVP Performed?

An IVP can be used to diagnose a number of conditions including kidney stones, blood in the urine, bladder cancer, bladder dysfunction, infections, and to find the cause of abdominal or pelvic pain. It can also be used to monitor the progress of a treatment.

When is an IVP Recommended?

An IVP may be recommended if a person is experiencing symptoms of a urinary tract condition such as abdominal or pelvic pain, blood in the urine, or recurrent urinary tract infections. It can also be used to diagnose and monitor the progress of a treatment.