Esophageal manometry
.
What is Esophageal Manometry?
Esophageal manometry is a procedure used to measure the pressure inside the esophagus. It is a test that assesses the function of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and can detect intestinal abnormalities, swallowing problems, and gastroesophageal reflux. It involves inserting a thin, flexible tube down the throat and into the esophagus to measure the pressure of the LES and other related structures.
Preparation
Before your esophageal manometry, you need to stop taking certain medications that could interfere with the test, such as sleeping pills, muscle relaxants, antacids, and iron supplements. Food and drink should also be avoided two hours before the test. On the day of the test, the patient should wear loose clothing and remain still during the procedure.
Procedure
Esophageal manometry is performed in an outpatient setting and takes up to an hour to complete. To begin the procedure, the patient will be given a local anesthetic to numb the back of the throat and prevent gagging. Then, a thin, flexible tube (catheter) is inserted through the nose or mouth and passed down the throat into the esophagus. The catheter has sensors that measure the pressure of the muscles in the throat. During the test, the patient will be asked to swallow sips of water to stimulate the muscles and measure the pressure.
Types
Depending on the patient’s symptoms, there are several different types of esophageal manometry tests that can be utilized. These different types include the fixed catheter manometry, the high-resolution manometry, and the ambulatory manometry. The fixed catheter manometry is the most common form of the test and is usually used to measure the pressure of the LES. The high-resolution manometry is more detailed than the fixed catheter test and is used to measure the pressure of the entire esophagus. The ambulatory manometry is a more advanced test and is used to measure the pressure over a 24-hour period.
Risks
Esophageal manometry is generally considered safe, although there are some risks associated with the procedure. These risks include gagging, sore throat, nausea, and vomiting. Additionally, serious complications such as perforation of the esophagus or aspiration of vomit or other fluids into the lungs can occur in rare cases.
When to Consider an Esophageal Manometry?
Esophageal manometry is used to diagnose and treat issues with the lower esophageal sphincter. It is used to diagnose symptoms such as difficulty swallowing, regurgitation, chest pains, or recurrent vomiting. Additionally, this test can be used to diagnose or treat conditions such as Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), Achalasia, and other disorders related to the motility of the esophagus.
