CT angiography - chest

CT Angiography Of The Chest - Overview

Computed tomography (CT) of the chest, also known as computed tomography angiography (CTA), is an imaging test used to obtain detailed images of the chest, particularly the coronary and pulmonary arteries. It is a type of x-ray imaging that uses a computer to generate detailed images of organs, bones, and other tissues inside the body. CTA is different from conventional CT in that it uses an intravenous contrast material to indicate blood vessels and reveal any narrowing or blockage of them.

Preparation

No special preparation is needed before a chest CT angiography test. You may be asked to remove any jewelry or metal objects so that these do not appear on the CT scan. You may also be asked to drink extra fluids to help flush the contrast material quickly from your body. Depending on the type of exam, you may be asked to also lie down on a CT table and avoid moving during the procedure.

Procedure

The chest CT angiography procedure includes the following steps:

• Lie down on a table connected to the CT scanner.
• An intravenous (IV) line is inserted in the arm to inject contrast material.
• The table is synchronized to the CT scanner.
• The CT scanner’s x-ray beams are directed at the chest area.
• The system will capture images of the chest and the organs.
• The doctor may ask you to hold your breath for a few seconds to avoid motion blur in the images.
• The process usually takes about 15 to 30 minutes.

Types Of CT Angiography For The Chest

The types of CT angiography for the chest vary according to the type of imaging used. They include:

• Electron-beam CT angiography of the chest which uses a special type of CT scanner that produces thrillingly detailed images of the heart, lungs, and arteries.
• Cardiac CT angiography which uses a special type of CT scanner that produces images of the heart and coronary arteries that show the narrowing or blockage of them.
• Dual-energy (DE) CTA of the chest which offers insights into the composition of the tissues that can help in diagnosing certain conditions.
• CT pulmonary angiography which is used to look for blood clots in the pulmonary arteries.

Why CT Angiography Is Performed

CT angiography of the chest is used to diagnose or monitor conditions related to the heart, lungs, and blood vessels. It is used to diagnose the following conditions:

• Coronary artery disease (including blockages, blood clots, and irregular rhythms).
• Aortic diseases (such as aneurysms and dissection).
• Pulmonary embolism (blood clots in the lungs).
• Blood vessel abnormalities (such as aneurysms and narrowing of the arterial walls).
• Lung cancer.
• Heart defects.

When Is CT Angiography Of The Chest Used?

CT angiography of the chest is used when a doctor needs a detailed view of the chest and its structures. It is commonly used when other imaging tests such as X-rays and ultrasounds are not sufficient. In addition, CT angiography can help diagnose and monitor conditions such as coronary artery disease, pulmonary embolism, and aortic diseases.

Risks Of CT Angiography Of The Chest

CT angiography has a few risks associated with it. Patients may experience a contrast reaction caused by the contrast material, or they may have an allergic reaction to it. Patients may also experience a rare side effect called anaphylaxis which is a severe, life-threatening reaction. In addition, the radiation from the scan can cause cancer in some cases.