Alanine transaminase (ALT) blood test

What is an Alanine Transaminase (ALT) Blood Test?

A Blood Alanine Transaminase (ALT) test is a type of liver test used to evaluate the levels of the ALT enzyme in the bloodstream. ALT is a type of enzyme found primarily in the liver, though it is also found in other tissues, including muscles and kidney. The ALT test is typically ordered when a patient has symptoms of liver dysfunction, such as jaundice or fatigue, to evaluate possible liver damage or disease.

Preparation for an ALT Blood Test

No special preparation is needed for an ALT blood test. The patient will likely fast for eight to twelve hours prior to the test, and should avoid alcohol for at least forty-eight hours. It is important to share any recent medications with the clinician prior to the test.

Procedure for an ALT Blood Test

The clinician will draw a sample of blood from the patient's vein. This sample will be sent to a laboratory for analysis. The results of the test will then be sent to the patient's physician for evaluation.

Types Of ALT Blood Tests

The ALT blood test can be used to detect four different types of conditions: acute liver damage or disease, chronic liver damage or disease, alcohol-induced liver damage, and certain types of cancer. The blood test can also be used to monitor the effectiveness of treatments for liver damage or disease.

Risks

The risks of an ALT blood test are minimal. The most common risks associated with this test are associated with the blood draw itself, such as bruising or infection.

Why Is An ALT Blood Test Ordered?

An ALT blood test is ordered when symptoms of liver diseases or disorders are present. The most common symptoms include jaundice, fatigue, nausea, and abdominal pain. An ALT test can also be ordered during regular check-ups or when a patient is taking certain medications such as statins.

When Is an ALT Blood Test Ordered?

• When symptoms of liver disease or damage are present.
• When a patient is taking medications that can affect the liver.
• When a patient has a family history of liver disease.
• During regular check-ups.

What do ALT Test Results Mean?

The normal range for ALT levels is usually between 10 to 40 IU/L (international units per litre). Elevated levels of ALT can indicate damage or disease in the liver, and further tests may be necessary for diagnosis. Low ALT levels are less common, and can indicate a number of conditions, from viral hepatitis to an underproduction of the enzyme.