White Blood Count (WBC)
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What Is White Blood Cell Count (WBC)?
White blood cell count (WBC) is a measure of the number of white blood cells (WBCs) in a person's sample of blood. WBCs are an important part of the body’s immunity system, helping to ward off infection and fight foreign pathogens. White blood cell count is usually measured as part of a complete blood count (CBC), which is a routine screening test that provides information about levels of various cellular elements in the blood, including hemoglobin, red blood cell count, and platelet count.
Preparation for White Blood Cell Count
No special preparation is required to have a WBC count. However, it is recommend to fast for at least 8 hours prior to the test. Also, patients should inform the technician or doctor if they are on any medications which may affect the test results.
Procedure for White Blood Cell Count (WBC)
To perform a WBC count, a healthcare practitioner or technician will take a sample of blood from the patient. The sample is usually taken from a vein in the arm, and the technician uses a needle and syringe for the procedure. After the sample is drawn, it is sent to a lab for analysis. The WBC results are generally available within 24-48 hours.
Types of White Blood Cell (WBC)
The different types of WBCs are neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils. Neutrophils are the most common type of WBC, accounting for 50-60% of all WBCs. Lymphocytes are the second most common, making up about 25-30% of all WBCs. Monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils account for about 2-8%, 1-4%, and 0.5-1% of the total blood count, respectively.
Risks Associated With White Blood Cell Count (WBC)
Having a WBC count is generally a safe procedure with minimal risks. The most common risk associated with the procedure is discomfort or bruising at the site of the needle puncture.
Why Is White Blood Cell Count Important?
White blood cells are vital for immunity, so keeping track of the WBC count is important for diagnosing and monitoring illnesses and infections. High WBC counts can be indicative of infection, inflammation, or leukemia. Low WBC counts can indicate anemia or other underlying medical conditions.
When to Get Tested for White Blood Cell Count?
A WBC count can be ordered by a doctor at any time to evaluate a patient’s immune system. Additionally, a complete blood count (CBC), which includes WBC, is typically part of a routine physical exam.
