Dengue Fever Test
Dengue Fever Test: Preparation, Procedure, Types, Risks, Why, When and More
Dengue fever is a tropical viral infection caused by a family of viruses that can be found in the saliva of infected mosquitos. It is estimated that up to 100 million cases of dengue fever are reported every year, which makes it one of the most common infectious diseases globally.
Dengue fever is typically spread via the bite of an infected Aedes mosquito. While symptoms can vary widely, most people experience fever, rash, headache, joint pain, muscle pain, and nausea. In rare cases, dengue fever can lead to dangerous complications or even death.
In order to diagnosis dengue fever, there are a variety of tests available that can detect the virus in the blood. Continue reading to learn more about the tests available, how they work, and the risks involved.
How to Prepare for a Dengue Fever Test
There is no special preparation needed for a dengue fever test. It’s best to contact your healthcare provider and ask for specific instructions before getting tested. In some cases, it may be necessary to fast or avoid certain medications before the test. If you are taking any medications, it’s important to inform your healthcare provider so they can provide any necessary guidance.
Dengue Fever Test Procedure
The most common type of dengue fever test is an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. ELISA tests detect the presence of antigens associated with the dengue virus in the blood. To conduct the test, a healthcare provider will take a small sample of blood, usually from a vein in the arm, and send it to the lab for analysis.
The sample is then tested to examine both the blood’s antibody and antigen response. If the antibodies present in the sample are higher than usual, it could indicate an infection.
Other tests may include a nucleic acid test, which detects the presence of virus genes, and a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test, which can detect genetic material in the blood.
Types of Dengue Fever Tests
- Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Test: The most common type of dengue fever test which detects the presence of antigens associated with the dengue virus in the blood.
- Antibody Test: An antibody test is used to detect the presence of antibodies specific to the dengue virus. This test is typically used for identifying patients who have been recently infected.
- Nucleic Acid Test (NAT): A nucleic acid test is used to detect the presence of virus genes present in the blood.
- Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Test: A PCR test can detect genetic material in the blood.
Risks Associated With Dengue Fever Test
A dengue fever test is considered a safe procedure with very few risks. However, there is a small risk of minor bleeding associated with taking a blood sample.
Why Test for Dengue Fever?
The primary reason to test for dengue fever is to help diagnose and determine the appropriate treatment. Early diagnosis and treatment can help to reduce the risk of serious complications and even death.
In addition, testing for dengue can be used to track outbreaks of the virus and help public health officials take action to limit the spread of the disease.
When Should You Get Tested for Dengue Fever?
If you have recently been in an area where dengue fever is known to be present and you are exhibiting any of the symptoms of the virus, you should contact your healthcare provider right away. They will be able to advise you on the best course of action.
In addition, if you plan to travel to an area where the virus is present, it is important to be aware of the symptoms so that you can seek medical attention if necessary.
