Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies (ANCA) Test
What Are Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies (ANCA) Test?
Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies (ANCA) test is a laboratory test used to detect autoantibodies in the blood. These autoantibodies are directed against antigens present in neutrophils, a type of white blood cell. ANCA is found in the majority of people with certain autoimmune diseases such as Wegener’s Granulomatosis and microscopic polyangiitis.
The ANCA Test is used to help diagnose and monitor autoimmune diseases such as Wegener’s Granulomatosis, microscopic polyangiitis and Churg-Strauss Syndrome. It can also be used to monitor the response to treatment in patients with these diseases. The ANCA test can also be used to identify other autoimmune disorders including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and scleroderma.
Anca Test Preparation
No special preparation is needed for ANCA testing, but it is important to provide specific information about your medical history, medications and other possible exposures. It is also important to tell your doctor if there is a family history of certain auto-immune diseases prior to the test.
Procedure of ANCA Test
The ANCA test is usually done by drawing a sample of blood from a vein in your arm. The blood is then tested for the presence of ANCA. Your doctor may also order other tests to confirm the diagnosis or to monitor the progress of your disease.
Types of ANCA Tests
There are several different types of ANCA tests available, including:
- Immunofluorescence Antibody Assay (IFA)
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
- Counter Immunoelectrophoresis (CIEP)
- Flow Cytometry
- Multiplex Assay of Proteinase-3 and Myeloperoxidase Antibodies (MIPA)
Risks of ANCA Test
The ANCA test is generally considered safe. However, there is a slight risk of bleeding, infection, and bruising at the site where the sample was taken from. Most people do not experience any complications from the procedure.
Why ANCA Test is Done?
The ANCA test is done to help diagnose and monitor autoimmune diseases such as Wegener’s Granulomatosis, microscopic polyangiitis and Churg-Strauss Syndrome. It can also be used to monitor the response to treatment in patients with these diseases.
When ANCA Test is Done?
The ANCA test is usually done when your doctor suspects that you may have an autoimmune disease or when you have symptoms that could be indicative of an autoimmune disease such as joint pain, ulcers, inflammation, and fatigue. Other tests may be done first to rule out other causes of your symptoms.
