Wound of the Oral Cavity

Wounds of the Oral Cavity

An oral cavity wound is an injury to any of the structures inside the mouth, including the tongue, lips, inner cheeks, gums, and roof or floor of the mouth. Oral cavity wounds may be caused by accidents, biting, or surgery. They can range from minor, not requiring medical attention, to significant and requiring medical attention. Depending on the severity of the wound, treatment can vary greatly.

Types of Oral Cavity Wounds

• Abrasions – These are superficial scrapes of the skin.
• Lacerations – These wounds are deeper. If the wound is long and deeper, it is called a “laceration” or a “gash.”
• Punctures – These are deep wounds with a small entrance, most often caused by a bite.
• Avulsions – This occurs when a piece of tissue is torn away from the body. This is the most severe type of oral cavity wound.

Possible Causes of Oral Cavity Wounds

• Accidental injury – A person may be injured by a sharp object, such as a knife or broken glass, or may suffer damage from a blow to the face.
• Bite wounds – These can occur when two people become involved in a physical altercation.
• Dental procedures – Dental procedures can cause minor lacerations or avulsions.
• Surgery – Surgeries involving the mouth, such as the removal of oral tumors, may cause oral cavity wounds.

Signs and Symptoms

Depending on the type and severity of the wound, signs and symptoms may include:

• Bleeding
• Pain
• Swelling
• Bruising
• Difficulty swallowing
• Difficulty speaking

Treatment

The proper treatment for an oral cavity wound depends on the severity of the injury. Minor wounds may require cleaning with a saltwater rinse and the application of a cold compress. More severe wounds may require antibiotics or even surgical closure. In some cases, a tetanus shot may be recommended.

Prevention

To prevent oral cavity wounds, it is important to practice safe oral hygiene and use proper protective gear when engaging in activities that could result in an injury to the face. It is also important to avoid physical altercations or aggressive behavior.