Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome (LEMS)
Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome (LEMS): What is it?
Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) is a rare autoimmune disorder in which the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks the nerve cells that control muscle movement. It most commonly affects adults between 50 and 70 years of age. LEMS can be both progressive and unpredictable, causing muscle weakness and fatigue in the arms and legs.
Signs and Symptoms of LEMS
Symptoms vary amongst individuals, but some of the most common signs include:
- Weakness and fatigue of the arms and legs
- Muscle stiffness
- Fasciculations (muscle twitching)
- Difficulty climbing stairs, walking and speaking
- Difficulty swallowing
- Difficulty breathing
- Impaired vision and hearing
- Gait abnormalities
- Incontinence
Diagnosing LEMS
LEMS can be difficult to diagnose, as the symptoms are similar to those of other neurological conditions. To diagnose LEMS, your doctor will likely perform a physical exam, take a medical history, and order blood tests to check for antibodies against the muscles. Other tests used to diagnose LEMS include nerve conduction studies, electromyography (EMG) and muscle biopsy.
Treating LEMS
The primary treatment for LEMS is immunosuppressive drugs, which help to suppress your body’s immune system and prevent it from attacking healthy nerve cells. Other treatments include corticosteroids, plasmapheresis (a procedure that removes antibodies from the blood) and immunotherapy. In some cases, surgery is needed to repair any damage to the muscle tissue.
Living with LEMS
Patients with LEMS often find that regular exercise and physical therapy can help maintain strength and manage fatigue. Additionally, avoiding alcohol, caffeine, and drugs can help minimize symptoms. Specific dietary modifications, such as avoiding foods high in glutamate, may also help.
