Foetal distress syndrome
About Foetal Distress Syndrome (FDS)
Foetal Distress Syndrome (FDS) is a medical condition in which the foetus is in distress, due to a lack of oxygen. This is a serious condition, which can lead to severe medical complications in the mother and child, such as birth injuries and stillbirth. It is important to be aware of the signs and symptoms of FDS, and the potential causes, so that medical teams can identify and manage the condition as quickly as possible.
Foetal distress is most common during childbirth, when the foetus can become stressed or lack oxygen due to an obstruction, a problem with the placenta, umbilical cord, or other medical problems. It can also happen due to premature contractions, too much amniotic fluid, or rapid delivery.
Signs & Symptoms of FDS
When a baby is in foetal distress, they may display non-specific signs and symptoms that can be difficult to identify. Often, the foetus’s heartbeat may accelerate or slow down significantly.
- A decrease in foetal movement
- A rise in the foetal heart rate
- An abnormal foetal heart rate pattern
- An increase or decrease in maternal blood pressure
- An increase in the birth canal pressure
- A decrease in foetal oxygen levels
- An accumulation of meconium (foetal stool) in the amniotic fluid
Consequences of FDS
If the foetus experiences sustained or prolonged distress for any reason, the consequences can be severe. The foetus may suffer oxygen deprivation, which can lead to brain damage, Cerebral Palsy, stillbirth, and even death. The mother may also be at risk for various complications. Uterine rupture, placental abruption, and the need for an emergency caesarean section are all common consequences of foetal distress.
Treatment of FDS
Once foetal distress has been diagnosed, the medical team will need to act quickly in order to reduce the risks of any complications. The treatment of FDS depends on the underlying cause, and it may involve the use of medications, oxygen, IV fluids, or even the delivery of the baby. The health care team may also perform an amniocentesis in order to check the foetus’s health.
In some cases, a foetal monitor may be used to closely monitor the heart rate patterns, as well as any changes in the foetal activity. This monitor may be used both during labour and delivery.
Preventing FDS
It is important for pregnant women to attend regular prenatal care appointments. During these visits, the doctor can check for any signs or symptoms of foetal distress and take any necessary measures to prevent it. It is also important for pregnant women to be aware of the signs and symptoms of FDS so that they can question any unusual or concerning symptoms.
