Superficial Corneal injuries
Superficial Corneal Injuries
The cornea is a delicate and vital part of the eye that can be easily injured. Superficial or non-penetrating corneal injuries are the most common type of corneal injury and can range from mild abrasions to more severe infiltration. Superficial corneal injury can lead to vision loss, infection, or poor healing due to an imbalance of corneal stem cells.
A superficial corneal injury is a cut or scrape on the most outermost layer of the cornea, known as the epithelium. This type of injury can be caused by a variety of factors such as a trauma, contact lenses, rubbing the eye, or even chemical burns. Depending on the severity of the injury, any of these causes can cause pain, tearing, itching, and redness.
Risk Factors of Superficial Corneal Injury
People of all ages can sustain a superficial corneal injury, however, certain COPD, immunocompromised, or contact lens wearing patients are at a higher risk due to their health and lifestyle. More active individuals that partake in sports such as soccer, baseball, or lacrosse are also prone to injuries. Patients with dry eyes and environmental allergies should also be aware of the potential of an injury.
Treatment for Superficial Corneal Injury
Treatment of a superficial corneal injury typically includes:
- Cleaning the wound with a saline solution to remove any debris and bacteria from the area
- Treatment of pain, itchiness, or swelling with lubricants or topical eye drops
- Medication, both oral or topical, may be prescribed for infection
- Prescription glasses or contact lenses must be worn during the healing process
- Protective eyewear may be recommended to prevent re-injury
In some cases, surgery may be recommended if the injury results in significant vision loss or distortion. Surgery may be required to repair any damage to the corneal epithelium.
Preventing Superficial Corneal Injury
The best way to prevent a corneal injury is to ensure that any foreign objects are kept away from the eyes, such as particles from grinding or sanding. Protective eyewear should be worn whenever possible to guard against environmental irritants and other frustrations.
Contact lens users should follow instructions very carefully when it comes to proper lens care and hygiene. Wear and tear contact lenses should be discarded according to the manufacturer’s instructions, and adequately disinfected lenses should be worn each day. And as always, never share contact lenses with anyone else.
