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Relapsed Multiple Myeloma

Relapsed Multiple Myeloma

Multiple myeloma is a type of cancer that starts in the plasma cells of the bone marrow. It is a fairly rare cancer, but incidence rates are increasing. Relapsed multiple myeloma is when a person who previously had multiple myeloma, has seen the cancer return. This is one of the most common challenges in this disease.

What Causes Relapse?

The cause of relapse can range from a weak or inadequate cancer treatment, a stronger than usual return of the cancer, or a change in the cancer’s biology. It can also occur when there are cancer cells remain in the body that were not eliminated during the first round of treatment.

Signs and Symptoms of Relapse

Common signs and symptoms of relapse include:

  • An increase in the number of tumor markers in the bloodstream
  • A new area of bone pain or difficulty in the bones
  • Feeling tired and weakened
  • Fever or chills
  • Night sweats
  • Unexpected weight loss
  • Appetite loss

Diagnosis and Treatment

If a person with relapsed multiple myeloma experiences any of these symptoms, they should immediately seek out medical attention and their doctor may order additional blood tests or imaging to confirm a relapse. Treatment for relapsed multiple myeloma often involves chemotherapy, stem cell transplantation, specific targeted therapy, or radiation therapy. A physician will usually take into account a patient’s age, health, and preferences to determine the best course of action.

Prognosis and Coping

The prognosis for relapsed multiple myeloma is usually worse than in the first diagnosis, however, many people still go into remission. It is important for people who have been diagnosed to remain hopeful and focus on areas of their life they can control. Coping strategies can include talking to a mental health professional, joining a support group, engaging in meaningful activities, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

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Related Questions

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below.The Italian banking system became the model for those North European nations that would achieve the greatest commercial success in the coming centuries, notably the Dutch, the English, and the Swedes. It was in Amsterdam, London and Stockholm that the next decisive wave of financial or innovation occurred, as the forerunners of modern central banks made their first appearance. The seventeenth century saw the foundation of three distinctly novel institutions that, in their differen in ways, were intended to serve a public as well as a private financial function. The Amsterdam Exchange Bank, i.e. the Wisselbank, was set up in 1609 to resolve the practical problems created for merchants by the circulation of multiple currencies in the United Provinces, where there were no fewer than fourteen different mints and copious quantities of foreign coins. By allowing merchants to set up accounts denominated in a standardized currency, the Exchange Bank pioneered the system of cheques and direct debits or transfers that we take for granted today. This allowed more and more commercial transactions to take place without the need for the sums involved to materialize in actual coins. Financial historians disagree as to how far the growth of banking after the seventeenth century can be credited with the acceleration of economic growth that began in Britain in the late eighteenth 20 5 century and then spread to Western Europe, North America and Australasia. But banks played a more important role in continental European industrialization than they did in England's.a) Where did the precursors of modern central banks make their first appearance? b) What practical problem was the Wisselbank required to resolve in its initial days?c) How did the Amsterdam Exchange Bank respond to the demand of the age? d) What are the points of disagreement among the financial historians with respect to growth of banking vis-a-vis growth of economy? e) Choose a suitable title for above composition.
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