Refractory Oral Candidiasis
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Refractory Oral Candidiasis
Oral candidiasis, commonly known as thrush, is caused by an overgrowth of the Candida albicans fungus and is characterized by white lesions in the mouth. It is one of the most common fungal infections of the mouth and is often seen in people who have weakened immune systems. Refractory oral candidiasis is an infection that can last three months or more in a person with a weakened immune system.
This infection is caused by a strain of Candida albicans, which is resistant to usual forms of treatment, such as antifungal drugs. It is important to diagnose refractory oral candidiasis, as it can be frustrating for people who experience the symptoms for a long time.
Symptoms
The most common symptom of refractory oral candidiasis is white lesions in the mouth. These lesions may appear inside the mouth, or on the tongue, gums, inner cheeks and lips. Other symptoms include:
- Burning sensation in the mouth
- Painful swelling of the gums
- Difficulty swallowing or breathing
- Dryness or redness of the lips
- Sour or bitter taste in the mouth
Causes
It is not known exactly what causes refractory oral candidiasis. Some factors, however, are believed to be contributing factors, such as:
- A weakened immune system due to diseases, such as HIV/AIDS, cancer, or diabetes.
- The use of antibiotics or immunosuppressive drugs.
- Smoking.
- Poor oral hygiene.
Diagnosis
Refractory oral candidiasis is diagnosed by a physical examination. Your doctor may take a sample of the affected tissue and send it to a laboratory for a fungal culture, which will help identify the species of Candida causing the infection.
Treatment
Refractory oral candidiasis can be difficult to treat, as it is resistant to usual antifungal drugs. Treatment typically involves a combination of topical and systemic antifungals. It is important to follow your doctor’s instructions when taking antifungal medications.
In addition, it is important to practice good oral hygiene to control the infection. This can include brushing your teeth twice a day, flossing daily, and using a tongue scraper. It is also important to avoid smoking, as it can worsen the infection.
Conclusion
Refractory oral candidiasis is a stubborn infection caused by a resistant strain of Candida albicans. It is important to diagnose and treat the infection, as it can be frustrating if symptoms persist. The treatment usually involves a combination of topical and systemic antifungals. In addition, it is important to practice good oral hygiene and avoid smoking, as it can worsen the infection.
