Primary prevention Coronary artery disease

Primary prevention of Coronary Artery Disease

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of death throughout the world. Although CAD can be treated with lifestyle changes, medications and medical procedures, it is important to focus on primary prevention to reduce your risk of developing the condition in the first place. Here are some primary prevention measures you can take to reduce your chances of developing CAD:

Exercise Regularly

• Strengthen the heart muscle for improved circulation and efficient delivery of oxygen.
• Enhance HDL cholesterol levels, which helps keep cholesterol out of the arteries.
• Decrease triglycerides for better artery health.
• Reduce blood pressure.
• Increase blood flow to the heart muscle by improving the function of the arteries.

Eat a Healthy Diet

• Focus on whole foods that are high in fiber, such as vegetables, fruits, and whole grains.
• Include fish in your diet, preferably oily fish, such as salmon or mackerel, at least twice per week.
• Limit foods that are high in saturated fats, such as red meats, butter and processed foods.
• Incorporate foods high in monounsaturated fats, such as nuts, seeds, olive oil and avocados.

Maintain a Healthy Weight

Being overweight increases the likelihood of developing CAD. People who carry excess weight around their midsection are at an even higher risk. Maintaining a healthy weight can reduce the risk of CAD.

Don’t Smoke

Smoking increases the risk of CAD. It’s important to quit smoking if you already do and never start if you don’t. Additionally, it’s best to avoid secondhand smoke whenever possible.

Manage Stress

Stress can lead to an unhealthy lifestyle, like inadequate sleep, poor diet, and limited physical activity. Research suggests that chronic stress can damage the walls of blood vessels, leading to reduced arterial function. It can also cause the body to release hormones and chemicals that can lead to inflammation and put a strain on the heart.

Take Heart Medications as Prescribed

If you’ve been prescribed any heart medications, make sure to take them regularly and as directed. Medications are important tools to help you manage and/or prevent coronary artery disease.