Metastatic MSI-H/dMMR colorectal cancer

Metastatic MSI-H/dMMR Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the colon or rectum, which are parts of digestive system. cancers that have metastasized, or spread from the original site, have a worse prognosis with less chance for survival. Metastatic MSI-H/dMMR is a subtype of colorectal cancer that typically has a very aggressive form of metastasis.

MSI-H/dMMR colorectal cancer is characterized by MSI-H and/or deficient in DNA mismatch repair (dMMR) classified as Lynch syndrome. Cancer cells with these features have genomic instability as a result of DNA replication errors and mutations to genes involved in DNA repair. This results in a higher risk of cancer progression and metastasis, as well as a higher risk of recurrence.

Treatment of MSI-H/dMMR colorectal cancer is typically more aggressive than other forms of the disease because of its aggressive metastatic properties. Treatment may include chemotherapy, surgery, and targeted therapies. Additionally, clinicians may use immunotherapies to try to boost the patient's own immune system to fight the cancer.

Clinical trials are underway to evaluate the efficacy of different treatments for MSI-H/dMMR colorectal cancer. Researchers are also looking at novel therapies, such as using nanomedicine to target specific areas of the cancer or to use a combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Additionally, research is being done to better understand the genetic features of the cancer and to develop biomarkers to predict outcomes and response to treatment.

People with MSI-H/dMMR colorectal cancer should talk to their healthcare provider about their treatment options, as well as clinical trials that may be available. Patients should also ask questions about the risks and benefits of each treatment option.

Key Points about Metastatic MSI-H/dMMR Colorectal Cancer

• MSI-H/dMMR colorectal cancer is a subtype of colorectal cancer that has metastasized.
• It is characterized by MSI-H and/or deficient in DNA mismatch repair (dMMR) classified as Lynch syndrome.
• Treatment typically is more aggressive than other forms of colorectal cancer.
• Clinical trials are underway to evaluate new therapies and treatments.
• Patients should discuss their treatment options with their healthcare provider.