Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA)
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA): Overview and Treatment
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is a type of arthritis that affects children under the age of 16. It is a chronic autoimmune disease, meaning that the body’s immune system attacks its own healthy tissues instead of fighting off infection. JIA can affect multiple parts of the body, including the joints, eyes, skin, and organs. Symptoms can vary in severity, and can go through periods of remission and flare-ups.
JIA can be divided into several different types, depending on the symptoms and number of joints affected. The most common type is oligoarthritis, which affects 4 or fewer joints. Another type is polyarthritis, which affects more than 4 joints. There is also systemic arthritis, which affects the entire body, and enthesitis-related arthritis, which affects the back, hips and feet. Depending on the type of JIA, different treatments may be required.
Treatment Options for JIA
Treatment options for JIA can include a combination of medications and lifestyle changes. A doctor may prescribe nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or glucocorticoids to reduce inflammation and pain. Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) can be prescribed to inhibit the immune response. Other medications, such as biologics, can also be used to target specific parts of the immune system.
Lifestyle modifications, such as exercise and using heat or cold therapy, can also help to reduce pain and stiffness. Physical or occupational therapy can also help to improve strength, flexibility, and function of the joints. In some cases, assistive devices such as canes or braces may be necessary.
Living with JIA
Living with JIA can be difficult for both the individual and their families. It is important to remember that symptoms and flare-ups can vary widely from person to person, and that everyone needs a different approach to care. It is also important to work with your doctor to find an effective treatment plan. With the right treatment and support, it is possible to manage JIA and live a normal and active life.
Tips for Living with JIA
- Keep up-to-date with your doctor appointments
- Maintain a healthy diet and get regular exercise
- Rest when needed
- Be aware of potential complications
- Understand and manage stress
- Look for resources and support
