Copper Deficiency
What is Copper Deficiency?
Copper deficiency is a condition that occurs when an individual does not consume enough copper to support physiological functions, resulting in a decrease of copper levels in the body. Copper deficiency can occur from an inadequate dietary intake of copper, weakened intestinal absorption of copper, increased losses of copper in the urine and feces, or increased utilization of copper for physiological purposes.
Signs and Symptoms of Copper Deficiency
Copper deficiency can cause a variety of signs and symptoms, including:
- Anemia
- Fatigue
- Pale skin
- Frequent infections
- Weakness
- Impaired brain development
- Imbalances in hormones
- Arthritis
- Low levels of iron or zinc
- Elevated cholesterol levels
- Nerve problems
- Thyroid problems
Causes of Copper Deficiency
Some medical conditions increase the risk of copper deficiency. These include:
- Gastric bypass surgery
- Celiac disease
- Cystic fibrosis
- Crohn's disease
- Conditions that influence copper absorption from the intestines
- Excess zinc supplementation
Diagnosis of Copper Deficiency
A doctor will usually first assess clinical signs and symptoms of copper deficiency. In some cases, routine red blood cell tests may indicate anemia, which could be linked to copper deficiency.
To diagnose copper deficiency, a healthcare professional will typically order a detailed blood test known as a copper plasma test. A urine test can also help diagnose the condition.
Treatment of Copper Deficiency
The primary treatment for copper deficiency is to increase your dietary intake of copper-rich foods. In cases where copper deficiency is severe, a doctor may prescribe oral copper supplements.
Food sources high in copper include:
- Organ meats
- Shellfish
- Beans and lentils
- Almonds
- Mushrooms
- Dark leafy greens
- Dried fruits
- Whole grains
- Nuts, seeds, and nut butters
- Cocoa powder
