Vulvovaginal Candidiasis
What is Vulvovaginal Candidiasis?
Vulvovaginal candidiasis, also known as a yeast infection, is a type of fungal infection that affects the vagina and vulva. It is caused by an overgrowth of Candida, a type of yeast normally present in the vagina and on the skin. Though the infection can be uncomfortable and irritating, it is usually not serious.
Symptoms of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis
The most common symptoms of vulvovaginal candidiasis are itching, burning, and/or a thick, white discharge from the vagina. Other associated symptoms can include:
- Redness and swelling of the vagina and vulva
- Painful sexual intercourse
- Burning sensation during urination
- Painful urination
Causes of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis
The most common cause of vulvovaginal candidiasis is a type of fungus called Candida albicans. Other factors can increase the risk of developing the infection, such as:
- Changes in hormone levels, such as during pregnancy, menstrual cycles, or menopause
- Weakened immune system
- Uncontrolled diabetes
- Use of antibiotics, birth control pills, or steroids
- Douching
Diagnosis and Treatment of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis
If you think you have vulvovaginal candidiasis, make an appointment with your doctor. To diagnose the infection, your doctor will likely do a pelvic exam and take a sample of the discharge from your vagina. Your doctor may also take a sample of your blood for testing.
Treatment for vulvovaginal candidiasis typically consists of antifungal medications, such as miconazole (Monistat) or clotrimazole (Gyne-Lotrimin). These medications can be taken orally or applied directly to the affected area. Your doctor may also prescribe fluconazole (Diflucan), an oral medication. Treatment typically lasts for one to seven days, depending on the medication prescribed.
Prevention of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis
There are a few steps you can take to help prevent vulvovaginal candidiasis. These include:
- Wear breathable underwear made of cotton or other natural fibers
- Avoid douching or using other feminine hygiene products
- Avoid using perfumed soaps or shower gels on the vulva or vagina
- Keep the genital area clean and dry
- Change out of wet clothing, such as swimsuits and workout clothes, as soon as possible
If you think you may have vulvovaginal candidiasis, make an appointment with your doctor to get an accurate diagnosis and get the proper treatment. Treatment can help alleviate the symptoms and help reduce the risk of complications.
