Folate deficiency
What is Folate Deficiency?
Folate deficiency is a nutrient deficiency caused by inadequate intake of folate, a water-soluble B-vitamin found in a variety of foods and also known as folic acid or vitamin B-9. Deficiency of folate can lead to anemia, neural tube defects, birth defects, cardiovascular disease and other serious health consequences. It is estimated that about 40 – 60 percent of the world’s population has a folate deficiency.
Signs and Symptoms of Folate Deficiency
Folate deficiency may have serious consequences if it is not detected and treated early. Some of the signs and symptoms of folate deficiency include:
- Fatigue
- Pale skin
- Weakness
- Mouth ulcers
- Headaches
- Weight gain
- Digestive problems
- Irritability
- Anemia
- Loss of appetite
- Weight loss
Causes of Folate Deficiency
Folate deficiency can occur from a variety of causes. These include inadequate consumption of folate-rich foods, diets high in alcohol or sugar, long-term use of medications such as oral contraceptives, certain chronic diseases, and certain medications. Pregnant women are especially prone to folate deficiency, as their needs for folate are much higher during this time.
Treatment of Folate Deficiency
The treatment of folate deficiency involves increasing the intake of folate-rich foods or taking a supplement with folate or folic acid. Foods that are rich in folate include dark green leafy vegetables, legumes, nuts, whole grains, liver, and citrus fruits. Folic acid supplements are available over-the-counter, or your doctor may prescribe a higher dose for specific conditions. In addition to increasing folate intake, it is essential to address the underlying cause of folate deficiency. If folate deficiency persists despite dietary changes and supplementation, further tests should be performed to determine if there are other causes of the deficiency.
