1 Answers
1. Fruits which develop from one ovary of one flower are called as simple fruits.
2. Types of simple fruits on the basis of their pericarp:
a. Dry fruits: These fruits have thin pericarp.
It is further divided into two types:
1. Dehiscent dry fruits: Pericarp becomes dry, thin and fruit opens at maturity, e.g. Capsule (Lady’s finger) and legume (Pea)
2. Indehiscent dry fruits: Fruit does not open. e.g. Achene (Mirabilis), Caryopsis (Maize) and Cypsela (Sunflower)
b. Fleshy fruits: These fruits have thick pericarp.
It is further divided into two types based on nature endocarp:
1. Drupe: In these fruits, endocarp is hard and stony, e.g. Mango
2. Berry: In these fruits, endocarp is fleshy and fruit is many seeded, e.g. Tomato The fruit which develops from a single flower with many ovaries of polycarpellary, apocarpous gynoecium is known as aggregate fruit or etaerio.
Types of aggregate fruits:
Etario of achenes (e.g. Strawberry), etario of berries (e.g. Custard apple), etario of follicles (e.g. Calotropis)
1. The fruits which develop from many ovaries of many flowers of a complete inflorescence are called composite fruits, (e.g. fig) and from catkin inflorescence are called sorosis (e.g. Pineapple).
2. Fruits which develops from hypanthodium inflorescence are called syconus.