1. What do you understand by the term Manufacturing? 

Manufacturing literally means ‘to make by hand’. However, now it includes goods ’made by machines’. It is essentially a process which involves transforming raw materials into finished goods of higher value for sale in local or distant markets. Conceptually, an industry is a geographically located manufacturing unit maintaining books of accounts and records under a management system. As the term industry is comprehensive, it is also used as synonymous with ‘manufacturing’. When one uses terms like ‘steel industry’ and ‘chemical industry’, one thinks of factories and processes. But there are many secondary activities which are not carried on in factories such as what is now called the ‘entertainment industry’ and ‘Tourism industry’, etc. So for clarity, the longer expression ‘manufacturing industry’ is used.

1. What do you understand by the term Manufacturing? 

2. “Manufacturing involves value addition.” Explain with any one suitable example. 

3. Name two industries which provide services rather than production of goods.