Summarize the freedom struggle and nationalist movement of India.

It has been observed that the struggles for Freedom in India had been a merger of a series of Political, Socio-Cultural, and Economic factors that led to the rise of Nationalism. The Nationalist Movements in India were early popular movements seeking independence of India from Great Britain. Although actions such as the Salt March in 1930 raised pressure on the colonialist administration and won concessions, these remained limited in scope and fell short of the complete independence sought. 

The Swadeshi movement encouraged the Indian people to stop using British products and start using their own handmade products. The original Swadeshi movement emanated from the partition of Bengal in 1905 and continued up to 1908. The Swadeshi movement which was a part of the Indian freedom struggle was a successful economic strategy to remove the British empire and improve economic conditions in India. The Swadeshi movement soon stimulated local enterprise in many areas. After Lord Curzon announced the partition of Bengal in 1905, there was massive opposition from the people of Bengal. Initially, the partition plan was opposed through press campaign. The total follower of such techniques led to the boycott of British goods. The British swiftly responded to the Quit India Movement with mass detentions. Over 100,000 arrests were made, mass fines were levied and demonstrators were subjected to public flogging. Hundreds of civilians were killed in violence many shot by the police army. The Quit India Movement turned out to be not very successful and only lasted until 1943. 

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Bal GangadharTilak-

Bal GangadharTilak was born on 22 July 1856, in a middle class family in Ratnagiri, a small coastal town in southwestern Maharashtra. His father, GangadharShastri, was a noted Sanskrit scholar and school teacher at Ratnagiri. Tilak was a brilliant student and also very good in mathematics. Since his childhood, Tilak had an intolerant attitude towards injustice and he was truthful and straight forward in nature. After graduating from Deccan College, Pune in 1877, Tilak cleared the LLB from the Elphinston College, Mumbai. Later, he helped found a school that laid emphasis on nationalism. 

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi-

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on 02 October 1869 at Porbandar which is in the present day Gujarat. His father, Karamchand Gandhi, was a Dewan or Prime Minister of Porbandar. His mother, Putlibai, was a very religious lady and left a deep impression on Gandhi's mind. He was a mediocre student and was excessively shy and timid. He married at the age of thirteen to Kasturbai. Later on in his life, Gandhi denounced the custom of child marriage and termed it as cruel. After schooling, he joined the Samaldas College in Bhavnagar.