In a chemical laboratory, Priyal was asked to isolate an organic compound from its aqueous solution. She added ethyl acetate to the given sample,

Question

In a chemical laboratory, Priyal was asked to isolate an organic compound from its aqueous solution. She added ethyl acetate to the given sample,

In a chemical laboratory, Priyal was asked to isolate an organic compound from its aqueous solution. She added ethyl acetate to the given sample, separated the organic layer and kept it for evaporation. At the end of her practical, Priyal found few crystals in the beaker which she kept for evaporation.

Answer the following questions :

i. In the above passage, which method was used by Priyal for separation? State its principle.

ii. Why do you think the organic compound dissolved in ethyl acetate?

iii. Illustrate the method of separation used in the passage with an example.

Monjur Alahi

5 views

2025-01-04 04:42

1 Answers

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Salim Ahmed Kawsar · Accepted Answer · 2023-02-05T15:29:48+06:00

i. Method used :

Solvent extraction method.

Principle :

Extraction of compound takes place based on the difference in solubility of compound in two liquids,

In this process, the solute distributes itself between two immiscible liquids. From the aqueous phase the solute gets extracted in the organic phase.
On shaking for a few times with small volumes of organic phase, most of the solute gets extracted into the organic phase.
Then solute is then recovered from organic solvent either by evaporation of organic solvent or distillation.

ii. An organic compound (non-polar) dissolves in organic solvents (non-polar) because of the dipole-dipole interactions in between them (like dissolves like). Water is a polar solvent and it is unlikely that the covalent constituents of the organic substance is strong enough to break the ionic bonds. Any substance dissolves in other because it is able to break the bonds between the solvent molecules and form weak bonds with the solvent molecules. Hence, the organic compound will be more soluble in ethyl acetate as compared to water and this helps in its isolation from aqueous solution.

iii. An example for the separation of organic compound using solvents extraction method is :

Benzoic acid in water can be extracted from its aqueous solution by using benzene.