Continental Shelf and Continental Slope.

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Salim Ahmed Kawsar · Accepted Answer · 2023-02-05T15:29:48+06:00

Continental Shelf	Continental Slope
(i) The portion of the continents that is submerged under water and borders the coastal areas is known as a continental shelf.	(i) After the extent of continental shelf is over, there is a sharp drop in the ocean floor. This is called continental slope.
(ii) They are broad, shallow and gently-sloping plains covered by water.	(ii) The slope is steep and stretches over limited area.
(iii) The depth of the continental shelf from the sea level is about 180 to 200 m.	(iii) The depth of the continental slope is from 200 m to 4000 m from the sea level.
(iv) Sunlight reaches up to the bottom of the continental shelf and hence fishing is done on a large scale in this region.	(iv) Sunlight does not reach the bottom of the continental slope and moreover due to the steep slope fishing cannot be done in this region.
(v) The continental shelves contain the world’s largest reservoirs of natural oil and gas. Besides oil and gas, minerals are also found here. Diamonds, chromite, ilmenite, magnetite, platinum, gold and phosphorite deposits are also found here. Sand, gravel aggregates and industrial silica sand are the most important of hard minerals now extracted in the near offshore zone.	(v) Methane hydrate, a compound of water and methane, is present on the continental slopes. On the slope, we find many traces of submarine landslide activity, ocean canyons and huge avalanche fans.