What are the two processes of forming a Federation?

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Federation may be performed by two processes-

  • Small political units ‘come together to establish a single, large political unit for e.g., thirteen colonies came together to fight for independence from British rule and the US federation came into being. This is called centripetal process. 
  • States are created by the union government for e.g., in India, States were reorganized on the basis of language and other regional aspirations. This is the centrifugal process.
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