Explain the following concept with suitable examples. Reference Group

The concept of reference group was introduced by Robert Merton. A reference group is a group to which an individual or another group is compared. We use reference groups in order to guide our behaviour and attitudes that help us to identify social norms.

Reference Groups are of two types Informal and Formal.

1. Informal reference groups are formed by the individual as per their likes, interests and attitudes. Example : Family, peer groups, teachers, siblings, associates, etc.

2. Formal Reference Group are the ones that have a specific goal or mission. Example : Labour unions, supreme court, military units, corporations, worship place, universities, etc.